(4) periodic table

• Where on the reactivity series would you find copper, the top or the bottom?

  copper is at the bottom
• Which two non-metals are found in the reactivity series?

  hydrogen and carbon
• Write a word equation for the oxidation of magnesium to form magnesium oxide.

  magnesium + oxygen --> magnesium oxide
• Calcium is in group 2 of the Periodic Table. What charge will be on a Calcium ion?

  calcium is a 2+ ion
• What ion is produced by acids?

  hydrogen ion. H+
• What is the pH of a neutral solution?

  7 pH
• True or false alkalis have a pH of more than 7?

  true
• When an acid reacts with a metal which gas is produced?

  hydrogen
• Which acid has the formula H2SO4?

  sulfuric acid
• What ion is produced by all alkalis? 

  hydroxide ion. OH-
• What is a strong acid?

  a strong acid is an acid which is fully ionised in water
• The pH of a solution changes from 6 to 4. What happens to the concentration of hydrogen ions?

  it decreases - by a factor of 10 x 10 = 100
• Define oxidation in terms of electrons.

  oxidation is the loss of electrons
• Define reduction in terms of electrons

  reduction is the gain of electrons
• Calcium reacts with hydrochloric acid to form calcium chloride and hydrogen. The equation for this reaction can be split into two ionic equations: 

  Ca → Ca2+ + 2e-​

  2H+ + 2e- → H2​

  Which species is oxidised? Explain your answer.


  calcium (Ca) is oxidised because it loses electrons in the reaction
• Calcium reacts with hydrochloric acid to form calcium chloride and hydrogen. The equation for this reaction can be split into two ionic equations: 

  Ca → Ca2+ + 2e-​

  2H+ + 2e- → H2​

  Which species is reduced? Explain your answer.

  hydrogen (H) is reduced, it gains electrons
• What is the general (ionic) equation for neutralisation?

  H+ + OH- --> H2O
• What do we call the molten ionic compound used in electrolysis?

  the electrolyte
• Predict the products of the electrolysis of an aqueous solution of sodium bromide. 

  bromine and hydrogen
• Write down the half equations for the reactions that take place at each of the electrodes in the electrolysis of aqueous sodium bromide. 

  cathode - 2H+ + 2e- --> H2

  anode - 2Br- --> Br2