AS Paper - 2023 P2

• Suggest how structure of rough endoplasmic reticulum is different to structure of smooth endoplasmic reticulum AND how this is related to their functions.

  • Less phospholipids on rough / presence of ribosomes in rough
  • BECAUSE function is for production / transport of proteins
  • SMOOTH - production / modification / packaging / transport of lipids
  • Accept storage for lipids

  
• Suggest how the shape of the ATP synthase allows synthesis of ATP and the movement of H+ ions.

  • Catalyses the synthesis of ATP (acts as an enzyme)

  1. Active site is COMPLEMENTARY to ADP and Pi
  2. Enzyme-substrate complexes forms
• Suggest how the shape of the ATP synthase allows synthesis of ATP and the movement of H+ ions.

  (Allows the movement of H+ ions) - As a protein channel - channel proteins allow facilitated diffusion

  • 3. Channel in membrane/protein/enzyme
  • 4. Allows FACILITATED diffusion of H+
  • Channel has a specific tertiary structure specific only for H+