12.2

• Pathogen types can be indentified using: symptoms, cultures under a microscope, monoclonal antibodies, or DNA sequencing
• Tuberculosis is a bacterial infection that affects the lungs in humans & animals and is spread through the air
• Ring Rot is a bacterial infection that affects plants (potatoes & tomatoes) by causing discolouration and is transmitted through infected tubers
• HIV/AIDS is a virus that weakens the immune system in humans and is spread through bodily fluids
• Influenza is a virus that causes fever in humans & animals and is spread through droplet infection
• TMV is a virus that affects the chloroplasts in plants and is spread through direct contact
• Malaria is a protoctista that affects humans and animals and is spread through the bite of female mosquitoes
• Late blight is a protoctista that causes collapse and decay in plants (tomatoes & potatoes) and is spread by spores on infected plant material
• Atheletes foot is a fungi that affects humans and is spread by direct contact
• Black sigatoka is a fungi that destroys the leaf surface in plants and is spread through rain splash & wind-borne spores