Robbery

• Robbery - AR - 1st element


  Corcoran v Anderton

  -> there must be a completed theft

  -> there was a robbery even where D didn’t escape with the handbag, because there was an appropriation and a completed theft
• Robbery - AR - 1st element (Robinson)


  There was no robbery because there was no completed theft where D believed he had the lawful right to the property (TA1968 s.2(1)(a))
• Robbery - AR - 2nd element


  There must be force before or at the time of the theft, in order to steal
• Robbery - AR - 2nd element (Dawson and James)


  Force is decided by a jury and can be slight
• Robbery - AR - 2nd element (Clouden; Corcoran v Anderton)


  Force on a bag can be on a person
• Robbery - AR - 2nd element (P v DPP)

  But, if there is no direct contact, there may be no force
• Robbery - AR - 2nd element (B and R v DPP)


  V doesn’t have to be scared, and threat can be implied
• Robbery - AR - 2nd element (Hale; Lockley)


  Force can be ‘on any person’ and it can be a continuing act, so if force is used in order to escape, (after the theft) it is still a robbery
• Robbery - AR - 2nd element (Vinall)


  The force must be in order to steal
• Robbery - MR 


  D has met the MR of theft and also has the intention to use the force or the threat of force in order to steal