Characteristics of life
Cards (13)
- BiologyStudy of life
- MetabolismSum if all chemical reactions in an organism. Rate of all reactions in a metabolic pathway is controlled by enzymes
- Anabolic reactionsReactions where small simple molecules are built up intocomplex ones and energy is used, Eg photosynthesis
- Catabolic reactionsReactions where large complex molecules are broken down into simple molecules and energy is released, e.g. respiration.
- Information controlling the formation and functioning of a living organism is found in its dna
- Some cells are unicellular eg amoebamost organisms are multicellular, in multicellular organisms cells are arranged in tissues eg bones
- Groups of tissues form organsgroups if organs form a organ system eg oesophagus, stomach, intestines form the digestive system
- NutritionIntake and use of food. food provides the materials and energy needed for metabolism and continuityautotrophic- make their own food eg plantsheterotrophic- can’t make their own use food made by other organisms
- RespirationRelease if energy by breaking down food molecules eg glucose, fatty acids. In aerobic respiration o2 is used, in anaerobic it’s not
- ExcretionRemoval of waste products if metabolism from body.
- animals produce many toxic waste materials eg urine, excretory products are removed by kidneys lungs and skin.
- plants excrete waste co2 from respiration and o2 from photosynthesis via stomata
- ResponseThe way in which living organisms detect and respond to changes in their environment (stimuli)
- animals respond quick
- plants respond slowly by growing towards or away from stimuli eg sun
- Sexual reproductionOffspring result from the fusion of male and female gametes to make a zygote. Mixture of dna is passed from parents to offspring. Offspring wont be identical to parents
- Asexual reproduction(no fusion of gametes): identical DNA is passed from parent to offspring. Therefore the offspring are exact copies of the parent eg amoeba