Family

• Ways parents can build strong family relationships:

  1. Provide a nurturing home environment where all family members feel safe. They should create a safe space for their children,so that they can be open.
  2. Use good communication skills so everyone feels heard.
  3. Have clear rules and discuss them with the children so they are fully understood.
• Skills children develop through play:

  1. Social skills are developed through playing. Children learn how to share toys and talk to other children when playing.
  2. Children learn to be creative when playing and making up imaginary games.
• Benefits of having a regular family exercise routine:

  1. The family will be physically fit and healthy. It will help the family have a good heart rate and a healthy weight.
  2. Exercise is also good for mental health. It helps the family to relax and feel less stressed, which creates a nicer home environment.
• Ways parents/carers could increase their children’s daily exercise:

  1. Parents could bring their family to the local park. They could go for a walk and play in the playground together.
  2. Parents could walk or cycle with their children to and from school. This gives daily exercise on school days.
• Nuclear family - parents and their children

  One parent family : Consits of a mother or father and children. Mostly women
• Blended family - when partners in a relationship have children from previous relationships and then they may have more children together. In a blended family you have step parents, step brothers and step sisters.
• Extended family - parents, children and other relatives such as grandparents aunts and uncles and cousins. In previous generations extended families sometimes lived together in one home.
• Rights of a child
• Rights of a child

  • to be loved and understood by their parents.
  • to receive education.
  • To receive food/clothing
  • to be protected from cruelty and neglect
• Emotional needed -

  • love and understanding.
  • personal relationships.
  • comfort and security.
  • freedom to express their views
• Physical needs - food etc and protection from danger
• four stages of development

  • Physical development-body changes and grows.
  • Intellectual development- your mind develops.
  • Moral development- you understand the difference between right and wrong.
  • Emotional development- you learn how to deal with your emotions
• Emotionally mature person - high self esteem and they are comfortable with others
• Effects of alcohol abuse in a family.

  • Family unhappiness.
  • marital break down.
  • financial problems.
  • violence in the home
• Factors that influence child development

  • Family and peer
• Postive self esteem can be impacted - family,exercise.

  negative self esteem - stress and lack of alcohol
• Factors that influence family life.

  • social influences - parental involvement: Fathers are more involved in child rearing than they were in the past.

  Number of children - fewer children in families as oppose to previous generations.

  • Cultural influence - family background : your parents and family will influence how you are brought up + religion
  • Economic influences - familles May be dependant on social welfare
• Rights of adults

  • to work and vote,to marry,to sign legal documents.
  • ‘Responsibilities - To provide for their children’s needs+ to help children develop + to enforce rules to teach children about acceptable behaviour
• norms and an example

  Definition: an acceptable way of behaving in society

  Example: attending school, good manners,Standing for the national anthe.
• A family is a group of people who are related to each other by blood,

  marriage or other connection such as adoption.
• List four factors that contribute to positive mental health.

  • Healthy lifestyle, exercising, adequate sleep, healthy diet, etc.
  • Healthy attitude to school and work
  • Family relationship
  • Peer group
  • Healthy self esteem
  • Living in the present not dwelling on past events or worrying about future events
• ways of dealing with stress.

  • Learn to relax, take time out, etc.
  • Learn meditation
  • Go for a massage
  • Exercise
  • Eat healthily
  • Get enough sleep
  • Listen to calming music
  • Take a long bath
  • Get fresh air in between workloads / study

  Discuss worries and problems with a friend / member of the familv
• Addiction is a dependence on a drug or substance.

  • Physical Addiction: This is when the body becomes dependant on the drug. Without it, the addict suffers from unbearable and symptoms such as cramps, itching, sleeplessness and sweating, etc.
  • Psychological Addiction: This is when a person comes to rely on drugs simply to get through the day or coping with life. Tension and ill-ease are common feelings experienced when the drug is not available. The person suffers anxiety until they can get their next "fix' of the drug.
• reasons why good communication is important in family relationships.

  
  

  • To see each other's point of view, to consider others, to listen to others
  • To avoid or reduce conflict, to resolve problems, to avoid arguments
  • To keep relationships caring and close, to compromise, etc.
• two factors that promote educational development in children.

  • A stimulating and encouraging environment, continuous praise and

  Encouragement

  • Interesting toys, books and activities which help to develop the mind
• Describe two ways that alcohol abuse can negatively affect family life.

  Two ways × 3m each

  • Lack of routine at home, e.g., regular healthy meals
  • Some children may have to take on adult responsibilities
  • Financial problems as money spent on alcohol, not on bills
  • Can lead to marital problems causing stress for family members
  • Can lead to domestic abuse issues
  • Children may have to be removed from the home
• Responsibilities of the child.

  • To show respect for others and self.
  • To obey parents and those in authority.
  • To learn how to behave in society etc.
  • To participate in education.
• Stereotyping - means seeing things or people in a set or fixed way.
• responsibilities of teenagers within the family.

  • Respect other people
  • Follow rules set down by parents/guardians

  Engage at school

  • Behave in a way that is acceptable in society
  • Complete household chores.
  • act as a role model to younger siblings
• Cause of conflict (1 × 3 m)

  • Relationships
  • Friendships
  • Part-time job
  • Homework
  • Internet use
  • Time spent on smartphone
• Way of resolving conflict

  • Communicate the issue to try and deal with it
  • Display empathy and understand how the other person feels
  • Avoid shouting
  • Compromise to resolve
  • Take time out before trying to resolve to allow anger subside
• Hse help people with drug abuse by providing support,information and guidance on things to do with the use of the substance
• reasons why clear communication is important in family relationships.

  • Allows people to air grievances
  • Allows people to share worries or concerns
  • Allows people to make clear their expectations
  • Can make sure families are aware of each other's goals
• Suggest four ways in which a family can economise to reduce household expenditure.

  • Shop in discount food stores e.g. Lidl.
  • Buy own brand goods in the supermarket.
  • Use the economy setting on washing machines and dishwashers,
  • Buy clothing during sales.
  • Switch off lights in rooms when vacant.
• Good mental health characteristics- feel good about themselves, they can accept life’s disappointments
• List three tasks that families need to manage weekly.

  • Planning meals
  • Food shopping
  • Cleaning the house
  • Childcare
  • Organising transport for various activities
• Parents can walk to school with their children and take them to the park to play
• Teeth diagram

  
• plaque consists of saliva, food particles and bacteria which build up on the surface of

  teeth. If plaque is not removed, acids are produced by bacteria which attack the

  enamel wearing it away causing tooth decay, plaque can build up to form tartar,

  bacteria present act on sugar to produce acid.