Memory

• Encoding

  Changing information so that it can be stored in our brain
• Storage

  Holding information in our memory for a period of time
• Retrieval

  Locating stored information and using it
• Storage

  1. Short Term
  2. Long Term
• Retrieval

  1. Cued Recall
  2. Recognition
  3. Free Recall
• Cued Recall

  Retrieving information whilst being given a cue
• Recognition

  Retrieving information whilst having options to choose from
• Free Recall

  Retrieving information without any cues/options
• Baddeley's Aim:

  To see how information is coded in STM and LTM
• Baddeley's Method:

  • Group 1 = acoustically similar words
  • Group 2 = acoustically dissimilar words
  • Group 3 = semantically similar words
  • Group 4 = semantically dissimilar words
• Memory

  A process of information flowing through a system
• Types of encoding

  • Visual (sight)
  • Acoustic (voice)
  • Semantic (meaning)
• Maintenance rehearsal

  Repeating information in short-term memory
• Elaborative rehearsal

  Giving meaning to information in short-term memory
• Types of long-term memory

  • Episodic (personal experiences)
  • Semantic (facts and meanings)
  • Procedural (skills)
• Short Term Memory

  • Small Capacity
  • Approx 7 pieces of info
  • New info pushes out old info
  • Info will be forgotten in 30 seconds if not rehearsed
  • Info is coded acoustically