Not easy to grasp mentally because of its magnitude
The story of the earth is written in the rocks
FALSE - Jurassic
Giant reptiles dominate the earth during cretaceous period
FALSE - Anthropocene
It is during the Holocene epoch that man started to disturb the balance of nature
Ape man appeared and increased in number during the Pliocene epoch
Planet Earth
Only planet in the solar system that has all elements important for our survival
As man evolved
They make changes in the environment for comfort, convenience, and development
Humans
Have the greatest influence in every aspect of the Earth on a scale similar to the great forces of nature
Its impact will have lasting and maybe irreversible influence affecting systems, environment processes, and biodiversity
Rocks
Where the story of the earth is written
Where scientists read records
Unfold geologic events and succession of life
Geological time scale
Hierarchical series of smaller chunks of time of the earth's history
Marked by extinction of many life forms
Divisions of the earth's history in descending length of time
Eons
Eras
Periods
Epochs
Ages
Rock layers or strata
Unit of classification of the earth's rock layers and the fossils found within them
Stratigraphy
Study of the correlation by examining fossils and the certain organisms that are characteristic of the certain parts of the geologic record
Holocene
Last epoch
Last 12,000 years of stable climate since the last ice age during which human civilization developed
End of this geologic time due to accelerated carbon emissions and sea level rise, global mass extinction of species, and transformation of land by deforestation and development
Anthropocene
New geologic time after Holocene
Unofficial unit of geologic time
Term used to describe the most recent period in Earth's history due to the impact of human activity
Proposed geologic epoch which centers around humans as primary cause of planetary change
Age of the human epoch
Humans
Bida sa Anthropocene
Origin of the word Anthropocene
Human for anthropo
New for cene
Paul J Crutzen and Eugene F Stoermer
Coined the term anthropocene
Anthropocene
Cultural concept referring to it as it is not yet a formal geologic time scale
Potential starting dates for the Anthropocene
Megafauna extinction
Extensive farming
Rice production
New-Old World Collision
Industrial Revolution
Nuclear Weapon detonation
Persistent industrial chemicals
Human activity has pushed extinction rates of animals and plants far above the long-term average
Human activity has increased levels of climate-warming CO2 in the atmosphere at the fastest rate for 66m years, from 280ppm to 400ppm due to fossil fuel burning
Human activity has put too much plastic in our waterways and oceans that they are now everywhere and will likely leave identifiable fossil records
Human activity has doubled the nitrogen and phosphorus in our soils due to fertilizer use, likely to have the largest impact on nitrogen cycle in 2.5b years
Human activity has left a permanent layer of airborne particulates in sediment and glacial ice such as black carbon from fossil fuel burning
Developed and developing countries analogy
Since people's lifestyles differ, some people use more resources than others
Renewable and non-renewable analogy
Some things can be easily acquired because they are abundant or cheap, while others are difficult to access because it needs more energy to process or are more expensive or rare
Lithosphere and hydrosphere
Where resources are usually found
Raw natural resource
Food, electricity, and other basic amenities for survival must be produced within the confines of nature
Use of resources differs in developed and developing countries
Developing countries use resources for survival
Developed countries use resources more than their needs
Pollution
Possible effect in processing raw materials into products that man use
Ecological footprint
Amount of biologically productive land and water needed to supply the people in a particular area or country with resources and to absorb and recycle the wastes and pollution produced by such resource use
Per capita ecological footprint
Average eco footprint of an individual in a given area
Estimate of how much of the earth's renewable resources an individual consumes
Ecological deficit
Occurs when the country's total ecological footprint is larger than its biological capacity to replace renewable resources and absorb the resulting waste products and pollution
Humanity's global ecological footprint goes beyond earth's biological capacity by about 25%
The United States is the country with the 2nd most highest ecological footprint
If the present use of renewable resources continues, by 2050, people will use twice as many renewable resources the planet can supply
United States
World's second largest per capita ecological footprint
4.5 times the average global footprint per person
12 times the average per capita footprint in the world's low income countries
Five more planet earth's will take for the world to reach US levels of consumption
Earth's natural capital could only support 1.3 billion instead of 7.8 billion if developing countries consumes as much as an average American
Living unsustainably
By depleting and degrading the earth's rare natural capital and the natural renewable income
Ecological footprint
Measures human's consumption of natural resources against the earth's ecological capacity (biocapacity) to regenerate them
Also measures how much land and water area a human population requires to produce the resources it consumes and to absorb its wastes and pollution produced by such resource use