MB PREFI

Cards (30)

  • Many clostridia produce a zone of beta-hemolysis on blood agar
  • C. botulinum as a muscle relaxant.
  • C. botulinum is caused by spiced, smoked, vacuum packed, or canned alkaline foods that are eaten without cooking
  • BIG (human botulinum immunoglobulin) in infants
  • Botulinum toxin is considered to be a major potential agent for bioterrorism and biologic warfare
  • C. tetani toxin is tetanospasmin
  • C. tetani affects the CNS (spinal cord and brainstem)
  • Active and passive immunization for clostridia
  • tetanus immune globulin is given to prevent tetanus, and gives passive immunization
  • surgical debridement of affected area for treatment of C. perfringens
  • tetanus toxoid is often combined with diphtheria toxoid and acellular pertussis vaccine
  • risus sardonicus = spasms of the facial muscles due to to tetanus
  • opisthotonus = rigidity on extensor muscles of the neck and back due to tetanus
  • lockjaw = spasms of the muscles of the jaw due to tetanus
  • C. perfringens is also called welchii
  • heat-labile neurotoxin produced by
    1. alpha toxin
    2. enterotoxin
    3. tetanospasmin
  • clostridium is hemolytic
  • toxic shock syndrome is associated with C. sordeli from medical abortion
  • crepitation is caused by C. perfringens
  • pseudomembranous colitis and antibiotic associated diarrhea is caused by C. difficile
  • flaccid paralysis is caused by a block of acetylcholine by C. botulinum
  • C. tetani also produces a neurotoxin, tetanospasmin, that blocks release of inhibitory neurotransmitters
  • C. difficile is the most common cause of hospital diarrhea
  • Corynebacterium is aerobic, non-spore forming, and gram (+)
  • Corynebacterium are clubbed shaped
  • biotypes of corynebacterium are classified on the basis of growth characteristics such as colony morphology, biochemical reactions, and severity of the disease
  • corynebacterium are spread by droplets or by contact
  • diphtheria toxin is heat-labile
  • corynebacterium diphtheria will form a pseudomembrane
  • corynebacteria diphtheria uses the schick Test