Midterms: Lesson 8 Logic and Rhetoric

• • refers to the science of thinking methodically.

  logic
• • is the essential ingredient in problem solving.

   

  reasoning
• 2 parts of reasoning

  1. conclusion
  2. premise
• this reflects the main idea, the claim, the thesis, or the proposed idea.

  conclusion
• it indicates the basis of the conclusion and shows the reason behind it and/or the evidence to prove it.

  premise
• 2 types of reasoning

  1. inductive
  2. deductive
• it is a basic form of reasoning, that starts out with a general statement, or hypothesis, and examines the possibilities to reach a specific, logical conclusion.

  deductive reasoning
• deductive reasoning is also known as


  deduction
• it is a method of drawing conclusions by going from the specific to the general

  inductive reasoning
• inductive reasoning also called 


  inductive logic or bottom-up reasoning
• this refers to the art of communicating persuasively.

  rhetoric
•  it focuses on the effective use of language and techniques to influence an audience's beliefs or actions.

  rhetoric
• this uses deductive and/or inductive thinking in presenting your view, makes use of examples, consequences, and comparisons and contrasts, and uses academic or formal language.

  logos
• this finds strength in the authority and credibility of the sources of information, requires to present different sides of the argument and declare personal interest in the issue, uses language that is suitable for a particular audience.

  ethos
• this involve audience by sharing specific narratives that can move them, use of rhetorical questions and figurative language to catch attention and provoke insight about an issue, use language that evokes strong feelings.

  pathos
• 3 forms of rhetoric

  1. logos
  2. ethos
  3. pathos