Tp - Hinduism & Buddhism key terms

• In Hinduism, Dharma refers to righteousness or religious duties Hindus do to obtain the chance of their soul obtaining Moksha
• Brahman is the ultimate reality, the divine essence that pervades all things.
• Nirvana is the state of enlightenment / perfect peace achieved through the Eightfold Path, in which hatred, greed and ignorance are overcome
• Moksha is liberation from the cycle of birth, death, and rebirth (Samsara) through good karma
• In Hinduism, Karma is the belief that every action has an equal action.
• The Four Noble Truths are the foundation of Buddhist teachings.
• Reincarnation is the soul living eternally through many different lifetimes and forms
• Atman 


  The self
• Dukkha


  Suffering
• How to attain Moksha?

  • Karma Yoga (selfless service to others)
  • Janana Yoga (calming meditation to help with self control)
  • Bhathi Yoga (loving service and devotion to God)
• Suriya (God of Sun)

  • rides a chariot of 7 horses (represents the colours of light and the days in the week)
• Trimurti


  Vishnu(preserver), Brahma(creator), Shiva (destroyer)
• Lakshmi (Goddess of Wealth)

  • wife of Vishnu
  • sits on lotus flower
• Saraswati (Goddess of the arts, wisdom and learning)

  • divine consort of Brahma
  • sits on white lotus flower(represents spiritual enlightenment)
  • white clothes (purity)
  • Swan - separating good and bad
• Who is the Buddha?


  Siddharta Gautama - a prince often referred as 'the enlightened one'
• Origins of Buddhism

  Nepal
• BUDDHISM : Karma


  actions that bring about effects
• BUDDHISM : Enlightenment

  understanding the truth of life
• BUDDHISM : Dharma


  the teachings of the Buddha
• BUDDHISM: Anatta


  no permanent self
• BUDDHISM: Anicca


  Everything changes
• BUDDHISM : Samsara


  World of suffering
• BUDDHISM : Sangha


  Buddhist community
• Ascetic


  Someone who chooses to live by strict disciplines
• Metta


  loving-kindness wishing someone well and expressing it in a practical way
• Bodhisattva


  'enlightened being' who seeks to help all others towards enlightenment
• Bhikkhus/ Bhikkhunis


  Buddhist monks/nuns
• Meditation


  method of training and calming the mind

  
  

  Key differences in the two types of meditation

  • Vipassana meditation - 'insight', reflections, morals, values, and truth of life
  • Samatha Meditation - collecting thoughts, peace, state of mind
• Four Noble Truths

  • Origin of Suffering (Samudaya)
  • Existence of Suffering (Dukkha)
  • Cessation of Suffering (Nirodha)
  • The Eightfold Path (Magga)