Map

• Romantic period


  Known for in operas which became an important source of musical expressions
• Vocal music in opera

  Requires singers to perform a greater range of tone color, dynamics and pitch
• Opera is a drama set to music
• Lieder


  The proper name of Schubert's songs, which is the German word for "song"
• Schubert


  • Considered the father of the Lied, one of the first composers to compose Lieder
• Famous Lied composers


  • Franz Peter Schubert
  • Goethe
• Giuseppe Verdi


  Almost all his works are serious love stories with unhappy endings, his final opera ends with "All The world's a joke"
• Verdi's famous operas


  • La Traviata
  • Rigoletto
  • Nabucco
• Verdi born in Busseto, Italy

  December 22, 1858
• Verdi


  • Belonged to a group of composers who stressed realism, drew inspiration from everyday life, and reflected heroic themes from mythology and history
• Verdi's famous operas


  • La Boheme
• Richard Wagner


  Explored the limits of the traditional tonal system, gave keys and chords their own identities, paved the way for the rise of atonality in the 20th century
• Wagner's famous operas


  • Tristan and Isolde
  • Tannhäuser
• Georges Bizet's famous opera

  • Carmen
• Carmen


  The story of this musical composition was about a soldier, Don Jose, captivated by the charms of a woman, who abandons his child and work in pursuit of the woman's love and passion
• Libretto


  The text of an opera, librettist and the composer work closely together to tell the story
• Score


  The book that the composer and the librettist put together
• Recitative


  Declamatory singing, used in the prose parts and dialogue of opera
• Aria


  An air, solo song singing part sang by a principal character
• Male voice types in opera

  • Tenor - highest male voice
  • Baritone - middle male voice, lies between bass and tenor voices
  • Bass - lowest male voice
• Female voice types in opera

  • Soprano - highest female voice
  • Mezzo-soprano - middle female voice
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