MMW MT

• Philosophia


  • Philo - loving
  • Sophia - wisdom
  • Study of ideas about knowledge, truth, reality, the nature and meaning of life
• Ancient philosophy


  • Concerned with how people should behave, system of reasoning in order to work out how to live properly and to tell the difference between right and wrong
• Modern philosophy


  • Advances in science, the growth of religious tolerance, rise of liberalism
• Religious tolerance


  • Assumes that a person does not discriminate against another person's religious beliefs, even if they think that the person's beliefs as wrong
  • Each person can disagree silently with the other person's religious belief system without discriminating against them or make them feel less or wrong
• Liberalism


  • Represented by YELLOW color
  • Political and moral philosophy based on the rights of an individual, liberty, consent of the governed, political equality and equality before the law
  • Support private property, market economies, individual rights (civil and human rights), liberal democracy, secularism, rule of laws, economic and political freedom, freedom of speech and religion
• Socrates filter test
• Logic


  Proper or reasonable way of thinking about or understanding something
• Proposition


  • Statement which is either TRUE or FALSE but NOT BOTH, a DECLARATIVE SENTENCE
  • Other: Imperative, Exclamatory, Interrogative
• Logical connectives


  • Negation - opposite, adding "NOT" to the proposition
  • Conjunction - "and", both propositions are TRUE
  • Disjunction - "or", either one of the propositions is TRUE
  • Implication - premise (if) and conclusion (then)
  • Bi-conditional - if and only if Q, both are TRUE or FALSE (if and only if)
• Given: P => Q


  • Converse: Q => P
  • Inverse: NOT P => NOT Q
  • Contrapositive: NOT Q => NOT P
• Problem


  A situation that confronts the learner, that requires resolution, and for which the path to the answer is not immediately known
• Traits of a good problem solver (3Cs)

  • Confidence - have confidence on yourself
  • Concentration - concentrate on your aims/goals
  • Creativity - be creative enough to find solutions
• Types of Reasoning

  • Inductive Reasoning
  • Deductive Reasoning
• Inductive Reasoning


  Forms a CONCLUSION based on the examination of specific examples
• Conjecture


  The conclusion formed in inductive reasoning, which may or may not be correct
• Deductive Reasoning


  The process of reaching a general conclusion by applying general assumptions, procedures, or principles