Three reactions of acids

• Acid


  A chemical that can neutralize a base and produce a salt and water
• Base


  A chemical that can neutralize an acid and produce a salt and water
• Alkali


  A soluble base that can be dissolved in water
• Reaction between an acid and a base/alkali

  1. Produces a salt

  2. Produces water
• Insoluble base


  Cannot dissolve in water (e.g. copper oxide, iron 3 hydroxide)
• Soluble base


  Can be dissolved in water (e.g. sodium hydroxide)
• Soluble bases are also called alkalis
• Salts


  • Contain a positive ion from the base/alkali
  • Contain a negative ion from the acid
• Negative ions from acids

  • Chlorides (from hydrochloric acid)
  • Sulfates (from sulfuric acid)
  • Nitrates (from nitric acid)
• Reaction between an acid and a metal carbonate

  1. Produces a salt

  2. Produces water

  3. Produces carbon dioxide
• Reaction between hydrochloric acid and:

  • Copper carbonate
  • Sodium carbonate
  • Calcium carbonate
  • Potassium carbonate