SCIENCE - EXAM 4th 10th grade

• Glands


  Smallest unit in the body that produces and releases a chemical substance called hormones
• Hormones


  • Chemicals that coordinate different functions in the body by carrying messages through your blood to your organs, skin, muscles and other tissues
  • These signals tell your body what to do and when to do it
• Keeping the Endocrine System Healthy

  1. Know your family history

  2. Eat healthy diet
• Know your family history


  Knowledge of your family history is a powerful tool to help you prevent from acquiring any endocrine diseases especially when you get into your twenties. Several endocrine disorders develop at the early stages of life
• Eat healthy diet


  A person who does not eat healthy food can have Type 2 diabetes, which can cause blindness and kidney failure
• Overall Role of the Endocrine System

  • Secretes hormones directly into the bloodstream to regulate daily activities of the body and controls its overall development
  • Hormone acts as chemical messengers in the body which stimulates many organs such as the ovaries and the testes
• Endocrine System


  • Secretes hormones directly into the bloodstream to regulate daily activities of the body and controls its overall development
  • Hormone acts as chemical messengers in the body which stimulates many organs such as the ovaries and the testes
• Ways to keep the Endocrine System healthy

  • Know your family history
  • Eat healthy diet
• Know your family history


  Knowledge of your family history is a powerful tool to help you prevent from acquiring any endocrine diseases especially when you get into your twenties. Several endocrine disorders develop at the early stages of life.
• Eat healthy diet


  A person who does not eat healthy food can have Type 2 diabetes, which can cause blindness and kidney failure.
• Glands


  Smallest unit in the body that produces and releases a chemical substance called hormones.
• Hormones


  Chemicals that coordinate different functions in the body by carrying messages through your blood to your organs, skin, muscles and other tissues. These signals tell your body what to do and when to do it.
• Hypothalamus


  Part of the brain that regulates metabolism
• Hormones


  A releasing factor
• Functions of the hypothalamus

  • Regulating blood pressure
  • Regulating body temperature
  • Regulating uses of water
• Pituitary gland


  Located at the base of the brain
• Types of hormones in the pituitary gland

  • ACTH - Stimulates adrenal gland
  • TSH - Releases specific hormones
  • GH - Growth of skeletal system
  • Prolactin - Stimulates milk production in the mammary gland
• Adrenal gland


  Located on top of the kidney
• Adrenaline


  Controls flight or fight response
• Aldosterone


  Increases uptake of water & sodium in the kidney
• Homeostasis


  Responsible for the regulation & maintenance of the internal environment of the body
• Homeostasis regulates


  • Body temperature
  • Fluids
  • Salts
  • Acids by sweating
• No sweat


  Dehydration
• Control system


  • Sensors - sense organs
  • The brain receives information from the sensors
  • Nervous & Endocrine system
  • Targets - responsible to the change of the activities of the body
• Dendrites


  Branched cell
• Cell body


  Contains nucleus which will process the stimulus
• Axon


  Transmits stimulus to the gland, muscle, organ and other neurones
• Feedback mechanism


  Body maintains state of balance through the control system activated by many feedback systems
• Nervous & endocrine system

  Play an important role to function the feedback system of the body
• Negative feedback


  Control system to reduce or minimise any changes or conditions of the body, which keeps the whole body system stable & regulates homeostasis
• Negative feedback


  • Increase breathing to increase oxygen supply
  • Regulates the level of glucose in the blood
  • Thermoregulation - sweating counteracts and stays the rise in body temperature
• Positive feedback


  Control system in which uses information from sensors to increase the rate of process, important when a rapid change is necessary, amplifies the original actions
• Sensors


  Sense organs
• Sensors


  • Receptors which are responsible in gathering information about the connection inside and outside the body
• Control system


  The brain receives information from the sensors
• Community system

  Nervous & Endocrine system of the body
• Targets


  Responsible to the change of the activities of the body in response to the message received