Heart and blood vessels

• name the four chambers the heart is divided into.

  right atrium, right ventricle, left atrium and the left ventricle
• What is the pathway of blood?

  body-right atrium-right ventricle-lung-left atrium-left ventricle-body via aorta
• What do stents do?

  A stent is a small metal mesh tube that prevents vessels from collapsing
• What do statins do?

  Statins are a medication that lowers cholesterol
• What are the three types of blood vessels in mammals?

  Arteries, veins, capillaries
• What blood vessels carry blood away from the heart?

  Arteries
• What blood vessel carries blood towards the heart?

  Veins
• Why are capillaries only one cell thick?

  Efficient diffusion.
• Which blood vessels have valves?

  Veins
• What is a double circulatory system?

  A circulatory system in which blood passes through the heart twice in one complete circuit of the body.
• How are the three types of blood vessels adapted to their function?

  Arteries: Have thick walls, elastic fibers, and smooth muscle for carrying blood away from the heart. Veins: Have valves, thin walls, and a larger lumen for carrying blood back to the heart.

  Capillaries: Have thin walls to allow diffusion to happen easily, large surface area to speed up the exchange rate of materials and a narrow diameter for a slower blood flow
• What is the lumen?

  The lumen is the hollow opening inside the blood vessel.
• What is the function of the arteries?

  Carry blood away from the heat
• What is the function of the veins?

  carry blood towards the heart under low pressure and have valves to protect from backflow.
• What is the function of the capillaries?

  the capillaries take blood to the tissue and are the site of exchange.