Finals Perdent

• Ergonomics


  Ergo = Work, Nomos = to study
• Reasons for Ergonomical designs

  • Improve Job process- Eliminating unnecessary tasks, steps & effort
  • Avoid injury- Reduce potential for overexertion injury
  • Lessen fatigue- Minimize physical and mental fatigue
  • Lessen Discomfort- Increases job/work quality by being comfort, satisfaction and fulfillment
• Consequence of poor design

  Discomfort = chronic pain
• Consequence of poor design

  Accidents = Injuries
• Consequence of poor design

  Fatigue = Increase Errors
• Work related musculoskeletal disorders

  • Carpal tunnel syndrome
  • Low back pain
  • Tendonitis
  • Epicondylitis
• Incidence of neck pain is very high in college students (48%-78%)
• 81% = Dental professionals
• 30% = early retirement due to Musculoskeletal disorders
• Risk factors for MSDs


  • Excessive force
  • Working in awkward postures or being in the same posture for long periods of time
  • Vibration
  • Performing the same or similar tasks repetitively
  • Grasping small instruments for prolonged periods
• Solutions to Control Hazards


  • Engineering Controls (implement physical change to the workplace, which eliminates/reduces the hazard on the job/task)
  • Administrative and Work Practice Controls (establish efficient processes or procedures)
  • Personal Protective Equipment (use protection to reduce exposure to ergonomics-related risk factors)
• Make an Ergonomic Workstation- ergonomically correct for standing, sitting, and moving around
• Ergonomic Desk Set up

  • There is enough room between your knees and the underside of the desk. Ensure the height allows your arms and hands enough room to type on the keyboard without having to reach too far.
  • Make sure to have something soft and supportive to stand on, like a yoga mat.
  • While standing, focus on not slouching, keeping your feet on the floor, and your computer screen positioned at eye level
• Ergonomic Computer


  • It should be adjustable, allowing you to sit comfortably with your thighs parallel to the ground.
  • The seat should be adjustable as well, tilting forward and backward, allowing for about a fist to three-finger gap in between the back of your calf and the front of the seat.
  • The backrest should be adjustable, allowing lumbar support for the lower back. Using the proper backrest to support the lumbar curve helps relieve pressure on the back vertebrae
• Symptoms of eye strain

  • Dry or burning eyes
  • Eye strain
  • Blurry vision
  • Headaches
  • Sensitivity to light
• Tips to avoid eye strain

  • atleast 20 inches away from the monitor.
  • Adjust your screen brightness.
  • Be aware of the screen's position to the sun or any open windows
• Types of ergonomic keyboards

  • flat keyboard
  • split angled keyboard
  • inclined keyboard
• Ergonomic mouse


  Your wrist should not be clenched or flexed. If you are gripping the mouse with your fingertips or squeezing it between your thumb and pinky, the mouse is most likely to small
• Adjust your workstation lighting
• Set the Ideal Room Temperature for Productivity at 22 - 25 degrees Celcius
• Eliminate Distractions by eating meals at a set time, turning off social media notifications, and wearing comfortable clothes
• Give yourself 10 to 15 minutes for every 60 minutes you are working
• To reduce eye strain, blink often and allow yourself to take frequent pauses of rest
• To reduce eye strain, close your eyes for a minute, refocusing away from the monitor at something in the distance, or rolling your eyes all around
• Other exercises


  • Clench the hands into a fist as hard as you can, and then release stretching your fingers as far as you can. Repeat three times.
  • Put your arms straight in front of you, bend your wrists as far down as they will go and hold for three seconds. Extend the wrists up as far as they will go, hold for three seconds. Repeat this five times.
  • Stand up straight with your hands on your hips. Bend back gently at the waist. Repeat five times
• DOCTARE MEDICINAE DENTAIRE


  Constitutes performing any operation, upon the human oral cavity, jaws, teeth and surrounding tissues, prescribing drugs or medicine for the treatment of oral diseases and lesions, or preventing and/or correcting malpositions of the teeth or implantation of artificial substitutes for lost teeth, and teaching subjects in the licensure examinations; or engaging in dental research
• ACADEMICIAN


  Masters in Science (MSc) in dentistry: Periodontics, Orthodontics, Prosthodontics, Endodontics. MSc graduate programs are 3 year course programs costing an estimated 70,000 per semester. Doctor of Philosphy in Dentistry (Not yet offered in the Philippines)
• Leadership and management


  • DOH Dental Public Health
  • Hospital Dentistry
  • LGU
• Professional track


  • Certificate of Fellowship in Specialized Dentistry
  • Certificate of Diplomate in Specialized Dentistry
• Professional track specializations


  • Endodontics
  • Oral Surgery
  • Orthodontics
  • Pediatric Dentistry
  • Periodontics
  • Prosthodontics
  • Public Health
• Specialist


  A registered and licensed dentist who has trained in a residency or advanced graduate training of a recognized university-based/hospital-based training center or any other training institution in the following specialty fields
• Specialization


  The field of practice of a profession for a particular area of knowledge or the process of becoming an expert in a particular field of professional practice
• Endodontics


  Specialization in diagnoses, treatment and management of pupal diseases and management of the root canal. Examining, diagnosing and treating the nerve and dental tissue of a patient's teeth. Administering anesthetics to help patients who are resistant to numbing procedures. Performing root canals on patients. Performing various endodontic surgeries, such as apicoectomies. Addressing traumatic dental injuries. Placing dental implants. Staying up-to-date with surgical techniques and new dental trends
• Endodontics Specialization


  • Gain a Bachelor's degree
  • Endodontic residency program: typically 2 year program, required to present a research project and submit it for publication, pass the board exam for endodontics
• Endodontics externship: East Avenue Medical Center, 1 year externship program, 8 hours/week, 65,000 (program)
• Orthodontics


  Specialization in diagnoses, prevention and correction of malformations of the teeth and jaws
• Orthodontics Specialization


  • Gain a Bachelor's degree
  • Orthodontic residency program: typically 3 - 5 year program, required to present a research project and submit it for publication, pass the board exam for endodontics
• Orthodontics preceptorship: 1 year program, 60k - 70k (preceptorship program), certificate of completion
• Pediatric Dentistry


  Specialization in the management and treatment of the oral needs of child patients. Initial dental examinations, X-Ray scanning, evaluation and diagnosis, Routine dental check-ups, cleaning and oral cavity inspections, Examination of jaw bones, gum tissue, and other systems related to the oral cavity, Repair and treatment of dental cavities, oral disease or traumatic dental injuries, Pre-evaluation of orthopedic treatment, Anesthesiology, Bacteria growth studies, Oral Surgery
• Pediatric Dentistry Specialization


  • Gain a Bachelor's degree
  • Pediatric dentistry residency program: typically 2 year program, required to present a research project and submit it for publication, pass the board exam, Advanced diagnostic and evaluation procedures for children, Advanced surgical procedures for child anatomy, Child development and psychology, Radiology, Management and treatments of oral / facial trauma injuries, Dental care for special needs patients, Conscious sedation and general anesthesia