Lesson 4: BLOOD COLLECTION EQUIPENT ADDITIVES ORDER OF DRAW

• Are responsible for collecting blood specimen for testing in the laboratory

  Phlebotomists
• It is imperative that phlebotomists are knowledgeable about the pieces of different equipment, devices, and supplies used for the different methods of drawing blood so they could prepare them appropriately
• Selecting the correct tools and using them properly during the testing procedure does not only ensure safe collection, but also guarantee accurate results.
• General blood collection equipment and supplies used by phlebotomists should be calibrated and maintained on a regular basis for the safety of the patient and health worker during blood collection
• Is primarily used for the outpatient department and typically has a table for supplies, a comfortable chair for the patient to sit on during the procedure, and a bed or padded table for the heelstick procedure for infants and young children

  Blood-drawing station
• Should be comfortable and with an adjustable arm rest

  Phlebotomy chair
• Makes the collection portable


  equipment carrier
• Is used for "Stat" cases

  Hand-held phlebotomy equipment
• Is usually utilized for early-morning phlebotomy rounds

  Phlebotomy cart
• Are left in the hallway to avoid nosocomial infection

  Carts
• A new pair of gloves and glove liners should be used when performing blood collection.
• Should have a good fit

  Gloves
• Gloves that are approved to be used during phlebotomy:

  1. non-sterile
  2. disposable latex
  3. nitrile
  4. neoprene
  5. polyethylene
  6. vinyl
• It is best if the phlebotomist uses liners when his/her skin is prone to allergies and dermatitis
• Are used to prevent sepsis

  Antiseptics
• The presence of harmful bacteria that typically enters tha human body through a wound or a break in the skin

  Sepsis
• Are used in killing microorganisms on surfaces and instruments, should be handled with care because they could be harmful to the skin

  Disinfectants
• Is recommended as substitute for hand washing except when hands are visibly soiled

  hand sanitizer, wall-mounted hand sanitizer
• Are clean 2x2-inch gauze folded in fourths. Can be used to hold pressure after blood collection instead of cotton balls, since they have fluid proof backing that prevents contamination

  Gauze pads
• Can be used on the blood collection site once the bleeding has stopped

  Bandages
• Other materials such as paper, cloth, or knitted tape can also be used over folded gauze.
• For blood films used in hematology determinations

  1x3 inch glass microscope slides
• Is recommended to be used when labeling specimens

  Non-smear ink pen
• Can be used to determine collection times and to time tests

  watch with timer
• Commonly called "sharps containers"


  Sharps disposal containers
• Are used as receptacle for needles, syringes, lancets, and other sharp objects

  Sharp disposal containers
• Are used to transport blood and other specimens to the laboraotry, are leak-proof and marked with a biohazard logo

  Biohazard bags
• Biohazard bags have an outside pocket that is used to hold?

  requisitions and other documentation
• Venipuncture equipment:

  1. Vein-locating devices
  2. Tourniquet
  3. Needles
  4. Needle gauge
  5. Evacuated tube system (ETS)
• Are transillumination portable devices that use infrared lights to help health professionals located and asses veins for safe venous access

  Vein-locating devices
• Is a constricting device applied to a patient's arm prior to venipuncture with the aim of inflating the veins by restricting venous blood for a period of time.

  Tourniquet
• The device comes in different sizes and is intended for single use only.

  Tourniquet
• Are used for withdrawing blood samples

  Needles
• These are sterile and for single use only

  Needles
• Three types of needle used in venipuncture:

  • Multi-sample
  • Hypodermic
  • winged infusion
• Is classified according to the diameter of the lumen

  Needle gauge
• The higher the number, the smaller the actual needle diameter.
• The appropriate gauge used should be

  20 to 23
• The most commonly used needle gauge

  21 needle gauge
• The length of the needle in venipuncture

  1-1.5 inches