Physical Examination Techniques- Quiz 2

• What is the purpose of a physical examination?

  A general physical exam is done either to confirm an overall state of health or to examine a patient to diagnose a medical problem.
• What is a prognosis?


  A prediction of the probable course of a disease in an individual and the chances of recovery.
• When is it an appropriate time to collect a urine sample from a patient?

  Before the physician enters the exam room
• What is the best position for the patient to be in to have the provider evaluate the patient's ability to fully expand the lungs?

  sitting
• What is an alternative to the lithotomy position for a patient who has severe arthritis or joint deformity?

  dorsal recumbent
• What is fowlers position and what is examined in that position?

  the patients lie on their back with the head elevated 45 degrees, examines head, neck, and chest
• What is sims position and what is examined in that position?

  patient lies on left side, the left leg is slightly bent, and left arm is placed behind the back, right knee is bent and raised toward the chest right arm is bent toward the head

  used for anal or rectal exams, sometimes perineal or pelvic
• What is lithotomy position and what exam is it used for?

  used to examine female genitalia, patient lies on their back with their knees bent and feet in stirrups, mostly used for pap smears
• what is prone position and what is examined in that position?

  flat on the table facedown, patients head is turned to one side and arms are bent or turned to the side, examines the back, feet, musculoskeletal system
• What is it called when the provider does a visual examination of the patient's entire body and overall appearance?

  general physical exam
• What is macular degeneration?

  The deterioration of the macula, can be age related or exudative, causes loss of vision in the center of the eye
• What is amblyopia?


  (lazy eye) the brain ignores what the lazy eye sees, left untreated vision can be affected
• What are cataracts?


  Cloudy areas that form in the lens of the eye that prevent light from reaching visual receptors.
• What is glaucoma?


  fluid pressure builds up inside the eye by excessive aqueous humor, damages internal structures and results in blindness
• How is hyperopia diagnosed?

  retinoscopy, visual test with chart (Snellen), refraction test, slit lamp
• How is colorblindness diagnosed?

  Ishihara color test and the Richmond pseudoachromatic color test
• What instrument measures intraocular pressure?

  tonometer
• What are 2 common refractive disorders?

  nearsightedness (myopia), farsightedness (hyperopia) presbyopia, and astigmatism
• Which eye disorder can result from either an injury or infection and is treated with antibiotic eyedrops and drops that temporarily paralyze the ciliary muscles to control pain?

  corneal ulcer/abrasion
• What symptoms does Meniere's disease have?

  inner ear disease characterized by attacks of vertigo, tinnitus and nausea, can result in permanent hearing loss