Chapeter 9: Technology

• Data Protection and Security


  The process of combating unauthorized access to digital data, such as digital health records
• Data security in the healthcare industry

  Defends establishments against cybersecurity threats, data breaches, and other security challenges
• Data Privacy Principles


  • Transparency
  • Legitimate Purpose
  • Proportionality
• Transparency


  The practice of being open, honest, and clear about how personal data is collected, used, shared and protected
• Lack of transparency in the healthcare system exposes patients to problems such as surprise medical bills
• Informed Consent


  Nurses should ensure the patients are well-informed about the collection, use, and sharing of their health information
• Patient records and Electronic Health Records (EHRs)

  Nurses must maintain transparency by ensuring that patients' records are accurate, up-to-date, and accessible only to authorized personnel
• EHRs can cause medication errors, technical issues, and mix up patient information
• Data sharing and Disclosure

  Nurses should be transparent about when and with whom they share patient data
• Data Breach Notification


  In case of a data breach, nurses and healthcare organizations should promptly notify affected patients and take appropriate measures to mitigate the impact of the breach
• Legitimate Purpose


  The processing of the information shall be compatible with the declared specified purpose and must not be contrary to your morals or public
• Data Minimization


  Collecting only the necessary and relevant patient data for the intended purpose
• Data Security


  Implementing appropriate security measures to protect patient data from unauthorized access, theft, or loss
• Proportionality


  Processing of information should be adequate, relevant, suitable, necessary, and not excessive in relation to the declared and specified purpose
• Patient records


  Nurses should only collect and document patient information that is relevant and necessary for providing care, treatment, and support
• Access to patient information

  Nurses should ensure that access to patient records is limited to those healthcare professionals directly involved in the patient's care
• Data Retention


  Nurses should adhere to policies and procedures regarding the retention and disposal of patient records
• Rights of Data Subject

  • The right to be informed
  • The right to access
  • The right to object
  • The right to erasure or blocking
  • The right to damages
  • The right to file a complaint
• The right to be informed


  Individuals have the right to be informed about the collection, processing, and use of their personal data
• The right to access


  Individuals have the right to access their personal data and information held by healthcare providers
• The right to object


  Individuals have the right to object to the processing of their personal data for certain purposes
• The right to erasure or blocking


  Also known as the "right to be forgotten", individuals have the right to request the deletion or blocking of their personal data
• The right to damages


  Individuals have the right to seek compensation for any damages caused by the unlawful processing of their personal data
• The right to file a complaint


  Individuals have the right to file a complaint with the relevant data protection authorities if they believe their rights have been violated
• Individuals have the right to seek compensation for the harm caused by the nurse's actions through a claim against the hospital or the nurse personally
• Right to damages


  Reinforces accountability and encourages organizations to handle personal data responsibly. Ensures individuals have recourse when their privacy rights are violated.
• Right to file a complaint


  Grants individuals the authority to raise concerns about the handling of their personal information. Allows recourse if data rights have been violated.
• Reasons to file a complaint

  • Unauthorized access, inadequate security measures, or improper use of personal data
• Right to rectify


  Empowers individuals to request the correction or updating of inaccurate or incomplete personal data held by organizations.
• Right to data portability


  Allows individuals to receive a copy of their personal data in a commonly used and machine-readable format, and transmit that data to another healthcare provider.
• The Data Privacy Act of 2012 (R.A. 10173) was signed by President Benigno Aquino Jr. on August 15, 2012
• The Data Privacy Act aims to protect the fundamental human right to privacy, while ensuring the free flow of information to promote innovation, economic growth, and national development
• Personal information


  Any information from which the identity of an individual is apparent or can be reasonably and directly ascertained
• Sensitive personal information


  Personal information that includes information or an opinion about an individual's racial or ethnic origin, political opinions or associations, religious or philosophical beliefs
• Privileged information


  Any and all forms of data which under the Rules of Court and other pertinent laws constitute privileged communication
• Violators of the Data Privacy Act can be penalized by imprisonment up to 6 years and a fine of not less than 500,000 pesos but not more than 500,000 pesos
• Technology ethics


  • The application of ethical thinking to the practical concerns of technology
  • New technologies give us more power to act, which means we have to make choices we didn't have to make before
• Current technologies being utilized in healthcare settings

  • Artificial Intelligence (AI)
  • Remote 5G Technology
  • Wearables and Connected Health Devices
  • Smart Technologies and Sophisticated Instruments
  • Digital Transformation
• AI


  Can help in diagnosing diseases, predicting patient outcomes, and personalizing treatment plans
• Remote 5G Technology


  Revolutionizing patient care by allowing for remote monitoring and telemedicine