Electromagnetism.’ 🔋

• What are the two types of Electricity?

  Static and current electricity
• Where are the protons and neutrons in an atom?

  Nucleus
• How do protons and neutrons in the nucleus of an atom not repel?

  Strong force
• What is the charge of an atom?

  0, because it has an equal amount of protons and electrons
• How does an atom become negatively charged?

  Gain of electrons
• How does an atom become positively charged?

  Losing electrons
• What happens when you rub a balloon on your jumper?

  The balloon gains electrons from the jumper, so becomes negatively charged, The jumper loses electrons to the balloon so becomes positively charged and they attract
• What is static electricity?


  An imbalance of charge between materials
• How does a Van de Graaff Generator work?


  :

  
• 1. Belt moves up towards the dome with an equal amount of charge
  2. Electrons are transferred from the dome to the belt
  3. Belt moves down with a negative charge
  4. Electrons from the belt transfer to the outer cable, making the cable negatively charged
  5. The belt is neutral again
  6. Imbalance of charge between the negative cable and the positive dome
  7. Electrons jump from the cable to the dome, where we see a spark
• What is current electricity?

  Flow of electric charge in a circuit.
• What is current?


  Flow of charge flowing through a point every second
• What are amps?


  Units of current flowing every second
• What do you use to measure current?

  Ammeter
• What is a battery?

  Two or more cells
• What is potential difference?


  The push which causes current in a circuit
• How do you measure Potential difference?


  Connect a Voltmeter in parallel:

  
• What does in parallel mean?

  Connected in its own seperate loop
• What is potential difference measured in?


  Volts
• What is meant by the rating of a component?

  Performance/ Potential difference
• You need a voltmeter for every component in a circuit
• What are the two types of circuits?

  Series and Parallel
• What does a circuit in parallel mean?

  It has multiple wire loops
• Does the current stay the same or change in each loop of a parallel circuit?

  The current in a parallel circuit splits
• If you add another branch to a parallel circuit, the current in the other branch stays the same but the total current increases
• Why do ammeters 1 and 4 measure the total current?

  Because the current goes in an order where it all goes to A1 first, and rushes all back ending with A4

  
• What is the resistance of a component?

  How difficult it is for current to pass through
• What is the equation for resistance?

  Resistance = potential difference/ Current
• What is resistance measured in?

  Ohm (Ω)
• What can the symbol for current be?

  I
• What are the only materials that attract to magnets?

  Iron, Nickel and Cobalt and Steel because it contains iron
• What do magnets produce?

  Magnetic fields
• How do you find out the shape of a magnetic field?

  Iron filings and a compass
• What does a magnetic field look like?


  :

  
• Where is the magnetic field around a bar the strongest?

  North and South Poles
• What is an electromagnet?


  Many wire loops together to create a magnet powered by electricity
• What shape are magnetic fields around a wire?

  Circular
• What is a core and what is it usually made out of?

  Magnetic material in the centre of the coils, Iron
• Give three ways you could make an electromagnet stronger:

  Add more loops,

  Increase the current

  Add a core