DURESS OF CIRCUMSTANCE

• the defendants circumstances dictate the crime being committed rather than a person, this defence does not apply to murder or attempted murder (R v Graham and R v Gotts)
• 1. Was D compelled to act because they reasonably believed they had good cause to fear death or serious injury if the crime was not committed?


  Subjective
• 2. Would a sober person of reasonable firmness sharing D's characteristics have responded that way?


  Objective
• 3. Self-Induced duress is not a defence