Finals Reviewer

• Spectroscopy

  The study of the behavior of light
• Magnetic resonance imaging is not a type of spectroscopy.
• Spectroscopy work by measuring the intensity of light absorbed or emitted by a substance at different wavelength.
• Ultra-violet visible spectroscopy is the type of spectroscopy commonly used to identify the chemical composition of a substance.
• Infrared spectroscopy is the type of spectroscopy that can be used to determine the molecular structure of substances.
• Nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy is the type of spectroscopy that uses strong magnets to detect the presence of certain types of nuclei within a sample.
• Mass spectrometry is the type of spectroscopy that can be used to measure the mass of atoms, molecules, and other particles.
• The purpose of a spectrophotometer in spectroscopy is to measure the intensity of light absorbed or emitted by a substance.
• The difference of absorption and emission spectroscopy is absorbtion spectroscopy measures the intensity of light absorbed by a substance, while emissions spectroscopy measures the intensity of light emitted by a substance.
• The main advantage of using spectroscopy in scientific research is it allows scientist to directly observe the chemical reactions taking place
• spectroscopy can be used in environmental monitoring to measure the concentration of pollutants in air or water samples
• when light reflects off a smooth surface, the angle of incidence is equal to the angle of reflection
• when light reflects off a rough surface, it undergoes scattering
• Refraction is when light passes from one medium to another, it changes direction
• the speed of light is different in different mediums due to refraction
• photosphere is the layer of the sun that responsible for producing visible light and heat
• Nuclear Fusion is the process by which the sun produces energy
• Corona is the hottest layer of the sun
• the average lifespan of a sunspots is few weeks
• Solar prominence is the phenomenon that occurs when the sun's magnetic field lines become twisted and tangled
• supernova is the explosion of a massive star, resulting in a bright explosion and a dense, hot, and energetic remnant
• neutron star is a dense star formed when a massive star collapses under its own gravity
• black holes formed when a star runs out of fuel and collapses under its own gravity
• stellar classifications

  • O (largest, hottest)
  • B
  • A
  • F
  • G
  • K
  • M (most common in the universe, smallest )
• the primary function of a telescope is to observe distant objects
• refracting telescope uses lenses to gather and focus light rays
• Optical Tube


  • Offers a rigid and stable platform for the telescope's optics
• Finderscope


  • Offers a broader view of the sky, enabling the user to swiftly locate and center desired objects
• Eyepiece


  The function is to gather the light focused by the primary optical component, such as lenses or mirrors
• Focuser


  Modify the telescope's optical path length, ensuring that light rays converge perfectly onto the retina of the observer's eye or onto a camera sensor
• Mount


  Used to provide a steady platform and facilitate controlled movement, allowing the telescope to accurately follow stars, planets, and other celestial objects
• Catadioptric telescopes are optical telescopes that combine specifically shaped mirrors and lenses to form an image.
• Reflecting telescopes use mirrors and therefore use reflection to redirect light toward a focal point in order to magnify an image.