3.1.2: Breaking the octet rule with higher electron counts

• Atoms with n≥3 can have higher valence shell counts by "expanding" into additional subshells, resulting in hypervalency.
• Atoms with n≥3 can have five or more bonds.
• Hybrid orbitals can be used to describe the geometries and shape of molecules and metal complexes.
• Bonding theories can only be judged by their predictions.