PMLS Lec8

• Special Collection Procedures


  Non-routine Laboratory tests, require other specimens such as urine or feces, and can be applied for special cases such as blood donation.
• Blood Bank: Blood type and Screen


  Determines the blood type and Rh factor
• Blood Bank: Cross-match Test


  Checks the compatibility between the donor's and the recipient's blood

  Special Requirement: Patient's serum or plasma and donor's RBCs
• Blood Culture


  Determines the presence of Infection, identifies the type of organism involved, and measures the extent of infection

  Special req: blood volume should be 20-30ml per culture with a minimum of 10ml per draw for patients weighing more than 80 pounds. For infants, it should be only 1% to 4% of the total blood volume
• Coagulation test


  Evaluated the blood clotting function

  
  

  SR: Microcanticoagulantlots are avoided by gently inverting anticoagulants tubes three or four times after collection
• 2-hour Postprandial Glucose


  Screens for diabetes and other metabolic disorders

  
  

  SR: must obtain 2 hours after meal
• Glucose Tolerance Test (GTT) and Oral Glucose Tolerance Test (OGTT)


  Diagnose problems in carbohydrate metabolism and check the ability to metabolize glucose through the tolerance level check

  
  

  SR: 1 hour for gestational(pregnant) diabetes and 3 hours for other glucose metabolism evaluation.
• Lactose tolerance Test


  Determines the lack of mucosal lactase which is responsible for the conversion of lactose into glucose

  SR: Same procedure as 2-hour GTT but an equal amount of lactose is substituted for glucose
• Paternity/Percentage Testing


  Verifies the probability that the patient fathered a particular child

  SR: follows the chain of custody protocol and specific identification procedures
• Therapeutic Drug Monitoring


  Test the drug levels at specific intervals to establish proper drug dosage and avoid toxicity

  SR: Collection timing should include the peak and trough levels
• Therapeutic Phlebotomy


  test polycythemia and hemochromatosis

  SR: Involves withdrawal of approximately 500ml as part of the treatment
• Toxicology Test


  Checks the presence of toxins in the blood, hair, urine, and other substance

  SR: Toxins usually exist in very small amounts
• Trace elements


  Checks the presence of Aluminum, arsenic, copper, lead, iron, and zinc

  SR: Measured in small amounts