Lower extremities

• how many tarsals are there ?

  7
• what are the names of the tarsals?

  Calcaneus, Talus, Cuboid, Navicular, Medial Cuneiform, Intermediate Cuneiform, Lateral Cuneiform.
• what tarsal is the largest?

  Calcaneus
• what is the CR for the AP foot?

  10 to 15 degree posteriorly to base of 3rd metatarsal
• what is the rotation for medial foot oblique?

  45 degree
• For lateral foot what side do we rotate?

  laterally and planter surface perpendicular
• what is another name for calcaneus?

  os calcis
• what is the CR for plantardorsal axial projection?

  40 degree cephalic to base of 3rd metatarsal
• what is the CR for lateral Os Calcis?

  perpendicular to IR. 1" below medial malleolus
• what forms the ankle?

  tibia, fibula, and talus
• what forms the ankle mortise?

  distal tibia and fibula
• what is the CR for AP ankle?

  perpendicular to IR at point between malleoli
• AP ankle foot and malleoli has to do what?

  foot has to be dorsiflexed and malleoli parallel
• what rotation and degree does the ankle mortise have?

  medial rotation and 15 degree
• Ankle oblique what degree and rotation is it?

  45 degree medial
• ankle oblique is taken to demonstrate what?

  distal tibiofibular joint
• what rotation is needed for lateral ankle?

  90 degree laterally knee should also in a true lateral
• lateral ankle what way should the foot be?

  dorsiflexed
• when doing a AP tib-fib foot should be?

  flexed
• knee condyles and malleoli should be _ to IR?

  parallel
• when doing a lateral tib-fib landmarks should be?

  perpendicular
• what are the joints for knee?

  tibia and femur
• define Osgoods-Schlatters disease?

  displacement of tibial tuberosity
• AP knee should have epicondyles _ to the IR?

  Parallel
• what is the CR for AP knee?

  5 degree cephalad. 1/2" below apex of patella
• what is the CR of lateral knee?

  5 degree cephalad. 1" distal to medial epicondyle
• how much should the knee be flexed for a lateral knee?

  30-45 degree
• why is the projection of sunrise knee done?

  to visualize the femoropatellar joint space open
• what is visualized doing the tunnel knee projection?

  intercondyloid fossa
• what is the CR for knee tunnel?

  40 degree caudad to knee joint
• how much should the knee be flexed while doing a tunnel projection?

  40 to 50 degree
• AP distal femur epicondyles should be _ to IR?

  Parallel
• Lateral distal femur should have the epicondyles _ to IR?

  perpendicular
• what does the hip included?

  distal femur and acetabulum
• how much rotation and degree is done when doing AP hip?

  rotation medially and 15 -20 degree
• when doing AP hip the femoral neck should be _ to IR?

  Parallel
• how much feet degree is needed for AP Pelvis ?

  invert 15-20 degrees toes touching
• what is the largest foramen in the body?

  obturator foramen
• what is acetabulem?

  socket for head of femur