Africa Y8

• rainforest

  a place where the climate is hot and wet
• subtropical rainforest

  a place where the climate is hot and dry
• Boreal forest

  Where the climate is cold and wet
• Tundra

  where the climate is cold and dry
• Temperate Seasonal forest

  where the climate has moderate levels of precipitation and moderate temperatures
• Miconceptions:

  
  

  Nobody has technology in Africa - False

  Africa is a vibrant place - true

  Everyone lives in poor housing (slums) - False

  There is no water - False

  Everybody is Africa speaks African - False

  There are lots of wars in Africa - False

  Everywhere in Africa is a desert - False

  Everyone in Africa has a disease - False

  Africa is a country - False

  Everyone in Africa is poor - False
• East African Rift:

  • Nubian and Somalian are moving away form each other
  • Rift valley is lowland region that forms when tectonic plates move apart
• Longitude

  How far east or west a place is from the prime meridian
• Latitude


  How far North or South a place is from the equator
• Lattitude before longitude
• How has Africa's past shaped its present

  • In the 1600s many people were transported from Africa to the Americas as part of the triangular TAST. In the 1800s European nations began to colonise Africa in order to exploit the abundant natural resources that can be found.
• TAST

  Slaves being transported over the Atlantic
• Colonisation

  When different countries control power of some of a country's land
• Exploitation: The use of a resource for the benefit of one person or group at the expense of another.
• Why was the TAST called triangular?


  Because the slaves moved around 3 continents in a triangular shape
• Why did African Kings take part in the slave trade?

  To get more money to improve the defence of their kingdom
• What conditions like for slaves

  • Starved
  • Abused
  • Forced to do things under their will
  • Lack of air, movement on ships
• Impacts of TAST:

  • Loads of empty cities
  • Population issues
  • Increase of economy
  • Increase in weaponry
  • Lack of workers
  • Lack of soldiers - no wars
  • Racism
  • Misconceptions
  • stereotypes
  • more slaves
• Scramble of Africa

  • European split Africa up without telling Africans
  • Berlin conference 1884 -85 - Africa's colonisation was discussed
  • Berlin conference led to ethnic tensions which still occur today
• Development: A country which is economicaly stable and improved from previous generations
• GDP: Gross Domestic Product, the total value of all final goods and services produced in a country in a given year. Per capita = per person
• HDI: Human Development Index - Put together by UN to see how delevoped a country is. Uses a mix of three measures to calculate an overla score between 0 and 1. The three measures are : life expectancy , education and gross national income per capita.

  HDI puts countries in 4 different categories:

  • Very high human development
  • High human development
  • Medium development
  • Low human development
• Subsistence farming: Farming that provides food for the farmer and their family.
• Post-colonial : A term used to describe the period of time after the end of colonialism.
• Prudent government - A government that is wise of resources and spending
• Resource curse - when a country's natural resources are used to fund a corrupt government
• Arid - hot and dry
• Coup - A sudden, violent overthrow of a government by the army
• Drought - A period of time when there is not enough water to meet the demands of the environment.
• Illiteracy - when someone cant read or write
• Democracy : A system of government in which the people are sovereign and have the right to vote for their leaders
• Demographics - The study of the characteristics of a population, such as age, gender, and ethnicity.
• Infant mortality : The number of deaths of children under one year of age per 1000 live births
• Life expectancy : The average number of years a person is expected to live.
• Population Density : The number of people per square kilometre of land.
• Dense population : Lots of people packed into an area
• Sparse Population : People are spread out across an area
• Rural - urban migration - Moving from countryside to city
• Push factor - A factor that makes people to leave their country of origin.
• Pull factor: A factor that attracts people to a place.