Ch16 - Materials

• Matter - anything that takes up space and has mass.

  States of matter: solid - liquid - gas

  Properties of these states of matter:

  • Solids - has a definite shape, definite volume and do not flow
  • Liquids - has no definite shape, has definite volume and does flow
  • Gases - has no definite shape, no definite volume and does flow

  Diffusion - the spreading of materials due to particle movement
• The changing of states:

  • Melting - When a solid has enough heat, the particles vibrate enough where they slide across each other, becoming a liquid.
  • Boiling - When a liquid has enough heat, the particles vibrate faster to the point that they escape the liquid and float in the air.
  • Condensation - When a gas is cooled down, the particles slow down in vibrating and condense to form a liquid.
  • Freezing - when the liquid is cooled enough to the point the particles become fixed, it becomes a solid.
  • Sublimation - when a solid changes directly to a gas.