digestion: the breakdown of food into its mostbasiccomponents so that it can be used and absorbed by an organism for metabolism
protease: an enzyme which breaks down proteins into amino acids
amylase: enzyme responsible for breaking down starches into simpler sugars
lipase: enzyme responsible for breaking down lipids into fatty acids and glycerol
The small intestine is lined with villi, which are lined with micro-villi, all increase surface area to allow efficient food absorption into the bloodstream
villi are finger-like projections on the lining of the small intestine
exocrine gland function: release of digestive enzymes
urea and ammonia are nitrogenous wastes produced when proteins are broken down
Nephron diagram
A) Glomerulus
B) Bowman's capsule
C) Decending loop of henle
D) Ascending loop of henle
E) Proximal convoluted tubule
F) Distal convoluted tubule
G) interstitial fluid
Pathway of filtrate through nephron:
glomerulus into bowman's capsule because of high blood pressure forcing filtrate through capillary walls. red blood cells and large proteins left behind
water, amino acids, salts, and glucose are reabsorbed in proximal convoluted tubules via active transport
