a good diet has a big affect on fetal health so pregnant women are advised to eat balanced diet of a little bit than usual as some of the nutrients are passed onto the fetus.
Protein
needed for the fetus to produce new cells, growth and haemoglobin.
needed for the mother to keep her muscles strong & working well, to transport oxygen to her fetus and to make extra protein & haemoglobin.
Carbohydrate
supplies energy eg. glucose.
cells get their energy by combining glucose with oxygen in respiration.
a mother needs to eat enough carbohydrates for her and her baby but not too much or else she'll put on too much weight.
Vitamins and minerals
irons are needed for haemoglobin so pregnant women must eat plenty of foods with it (or even iron pills).
calcium is essential for helping the baby grow strong bones and keeping the mother's bones and teeth healthy. she also has to make sure she gets plenty of vitamins in her diet.