CONQUEST AND COLONISATION IN THE AGE OF EXPLORATION

• Portugal and Spain led the exploration to explore other parts of the world.
• Silk, jewels and spices were brought from a Italian merchant to Italy and transported to other countries in Europe.
• Since the Italien controlled the trade other countries like Portugal and Spain wanted to find new routes to Asia and the Spice Islands to break the Italian control.
• The rulers hoped that the new lands would gain them wealth and power.
• The explorers hoped to gain new riches and titles.
• Marco Polo encouraged other explorers to explore the great wealth of the East.
• The explorers wanted to convert the new land to christianity so the brought priests/missionaries with them.
• Ptolemy's Geographia had information that encouraged explorers to find ideas and discover new information.
• New ship construction was made to make the explorations possible e.g carravals, carracks or naos.
• New technology was made to make the exploration possible e.g compasses(direction), cross-staff(where), quadrant(measurement).
• Prince Henry the navigator led the portuguese exploration to find new routes to Asia and the Spice Islands.
• Bartholomew Diaz, Vasco de Gama and Pedro Cabral are all Portuguese explorers.
• Vasco de Gama reached India.
• Pedrol Cabral reached the coastof Brazil.
• The Portuguese empire soon stretched around the coast of Africa up to India.
• Soon, the Portuguese controlled the sea trade between Europe and Asia which inculded spices from the East and gold and slaves from Africa.
• Spanish explorations were inspired by the great voyages of Christopher Columbus.
• Christopher helped the ing and queen conquer the last stronghold of teh muslims in Granada.
• Columbus sialed with three ships westwards because he believed the world was round and he wanted to reach Asia and the Spice Islands from this side
• Columbus was followed by Hernan Cortes and Francisco Pizzaro.
• Cortes conquered the Aztec empire in Mexico.
• Pizzaro conquered the Inca empire in Peru.
• S;ain claimed land in the East , including modern-day Philipines.
• After Columbus's first voyage, the pope got Spain and Portugal to agree to the Treaty of Tordesillas.
• The Treaty of Tordesillas drew a line from the globe from north to south.
• All land to the west was Spanish.
• All land the to east was Portuguese.