World History

• Organization of petroleum exporting counties (OPEC) was established in 1960. An international oil producing production to influence prices.
• Islamists, Muslims who believe that laws and constituitions that should be guided by Islamic principles and that religious figures should be directly involved with government
• Ayatollah Khomeini: Leader of the Islamic revolution in 1979 and became the supreme leader of Islamic republic in Iran. He was a shi’ite Muslim.
• The Persian gulf war in 1991 happened when the national coalition led by the United States expelled Iraqi forces from Kuwait. Coalition forces were evacuated from Iraq and Saddam Hussein remained in power.
• Osama bin Laden (1957-2011) Saudi Arabian leader of the islamist group Al-Qaeda whose goal is to replace existing governments of Muslim countries with purified caliphate and killed by U.S commandos in 2011
• 1991 under the European and American sponsor Israel and and Palestine diplomats try to find possible compromises and they agreed to a road map to seperate and secure both nations. But Arafat refused to accept the land for peace from Israel
• Arab spring refers to series of protests and uprisings against authoritarian regimes in North Africa and Middle East starting in December 2010
• In 2003 US president George W Bush declared an invasion on Iraq because he believed that Iraq had weapons of mass destruction but it turned out to be false information. The war lasted until 2011 and resulted in the death of thousands of people including civilians and soldiers.
• Soviet Union


  A socialist state that existed from 1922 to 1991.
• Iran vs. Iraq


  Iran: Shi'ite majority, capital Tehran, led by Ayatollah Khomeini in 1979. Iraq: mixed Shi'ite and Sunni population, capital Baghdad.