Holoenzymes - refers to the active enzyme + nonprotein component.
Apoenzyme - refers to the enzyme without its nonprotein component. rendered INACTIVE.
Cofactor - refers to the nonprotein component that is a metalion (eg., minerals).
Coenzyme - refers to the nonprotein component that is a small organic molecule. usually derived from vitamins. can be a cosubstrate or prosthetic group.
Cosubstrate - refers to coenzymes that are transiently associated with the enzyme.
Prosthetic group - refers to conezymes that are permanently associated with the enzyme.
