Specimen Collection and Handling

• Synovial fluid is collection by needle aspiration called what?

  arthrocentesis
• Tube 1 contains what?

  non-anticoagulated
• Tube 2 contains what?

  Sodium heparin or EDTA
• Tube 3 contains what?

  sterile heparinized or SPS
• Tube 1 is used for what tests?

  chemical and immunology
• Tube 2 is used for what?

  cell count
• Tube 3 is used for what?

  Gram stain
• K2EDTA: dried sprayed EDTA
• K3EDTA: liquid EDTA
• What additives cannot be used for Gram Stain because they produce artifacts that may interfere with crystal identification?

  Powdered lithium heparin and K2EDTA
• What additive is used for glucose testing?

  Sodium fluoride
• Sodium fluoride tubes should not be what?

  Refrigerated
• What is the most common cause of arthritis?

  aging
• Which group classification has a pathologic significance of DEGENERATIVE JOINT DISORDERS like OSTEOARTHRITIS?

  Noninflammatory
• Which group classification has a pathologic significance of Immunologic disorders, rheumatoid arthritis, lupus erythematosus, scleroderma, polymyositis, anklylosing spondylitis, rheumatic fever, and Lyme arthritis Crystal-induced gout and pseudogout?

  Inflammatory
• Which group classification has a pathologic significance of Microbial infection?

  Septic
• Which group classification has a pathologic significance of Traumatic injury, tumors, hemophilia, other coagulation disorders, and anticoagulant overdose?

  Hemorrhagic
• Rheumatoid arthritis: autoimmune disease that causes inflammation of the joints
• Lupus erythematosus: autoimmune disease that causes inflammation of the skin and internal organs
• Scleroderma: A chronic, progressive, autoimmune disease characterized by thickening and hardening of the skin
• Polymyositis: muscle weakness, fatigue, and pain
• Anklylosing spondylitis: inflammation of the spine, causing spinal stenosis
• Rheumatic fever: inflammation of the heart valves, which can lead to heart valve damage
• Lyme arthritis: 10-14 days after tick bite, rash appears, then 3-4 days later, arthritis
• Crystal-induced gout: crystals form in joints, causing inflammation
• Pseudogout: inflammatory arthritis caused by deposition of monosodium urate crystals in joints