Mixtures

• Suspension - a mixture where a solid particle does not dissolve in a liquid solution.
• Soluble - A substance that can dissolve in water
• Insoluble - A substance that cannot dissolve in water
• Solute - The substance being dissolved
• Solution - A homogeneous mixture formed when a solute has been completely dissolved in a solvent
• Solvent - The substance doing the dissolving
• Pure Substance - A sample containing only one type of atom or molecule, e.g., pure water (H2O), pure sodium chloride (NaCl)
• Mixture - A combination of two or more substances which are not chemically combined with each other.
• Homogenous Mixtures - Uniform mixtures where all particles have similar properties throughout the whole mixture
• Heterogenous Mixtures - Non-uniform mixtures where different parts of the mixture have different properties
• colloid -A mixture in which very small particles of one substance are distributed evenly throughout another substance and are not easily separated
• A dissolved substance breaks up into pieces that are smaller and allows light to pass through - this makes a solution
• Solubility is how much solute can be dissolved in a given amount of solvent at a certain temperature
• Conservation of mass - The total mass of chemicals before and after a reaction remains the same.
• saturated solution - When too much solute is added to a solution
• Salt we use in food - Sodium Chloride
• A salt solution called brine is evaporated so that the sodium chloride is left behind producing salt
• Chromatography - a separation technique used to separate mixtures of soluble substances.
• Desalination - the process of removing salt from sea water by using distillation
• Distillation - A method of purifying liquids by heating them until they vapourise, then condensing the vapours back into liquid form
• Distillation Diagram:

  
• Hydrochloric acid = Chloride salts Slufric acid = Sulfate salts Nitric acid = Nitrate salts
• Solvent is the liquid part of a solution