Axial muscle OIA

• Orbicularis oris


  Orgin: medial planes of maxillae and mandible

  Insertion: Lips

  Action: compresses and protrudes the lops
• Orbicularis oculi


  Origin: medial orbital margin

  Insertion: Skin around the orbit

  Action: Close eyelids
• Buccinator


  Origin: alveolar processes of the maxillae and mandible

  Insertion: Corner of the mouth

  Action: Compresses cheeks
• Masseter


  Origin: zygomatic arch

  Insertion: ramus of mandible

  Action: Elevates mandible
• frontalalis


  Origin: epicranial aponeurosis

  Insertion: Skin of forehead and eyebrows

  Action: elevates eyebrows and scalp
• Zygomaticus major


  Origin: Zygomatic bone

  Insertion: Corner of the mouth

  Action: elevates corner of the mouth
• Temporalis


  Origin: Parietal, temporal, frontal, occipital bones

  Insertion: Coronoid process of mandible

  Action: Elevates mandible
• Platysma


  Origin: deep fascia over pectoralis major and deltoid

  Insertion: body of mandible and angle of the mouth

  Action: depresses mandible, tenses neck
• Sternohyoid


  Origin: Manubrium and clavicle

  Insertion: hyoid bone

  Action: depresses hyoid
• Omohyoid


  Origin: Superior border of scapula

  Insertion: Hyoid bone

  Action: Depresses hyoid
• Digastic anterior belly

  Origin: From inferior surface of mandible at chin

  Insertion: Hyoid bone

  Action: Depresses mandible
• Digastric posterior belly


  Origin: From mastoid process of temporal bone

  Insertion: Hyoid bone

  Action: Elevates hyoid
• Genioglossius


  Origin: Medial surface of mandible around chin

  Insertion: Body of tongue, hyoid bone

  Action: Move the tongue
• Semispinalis capitis


  Origin: Processes of lower cervical and upper thoracic vertebrae

  Insertion: Occipital bone

  Action: Extends neck
• Geniohyoid


  Origin: Medial surface of mandible at chin

  Insertion: Hyoid bone

  Action: Elevates hyoid bone
• Mylohyoid


  Origin: Body of mandible

  Insertion: Hyoid bone

  Action: Elevates hyoid
• Scalenes


  Origin: Cervical vertebrae

  Insertion: First 2 ribs

  Action: Elevates ribs; flexes neck
• Sternocleidomastoid


  Origin: Sternum and clavicle

  Insertion: Mastoid process

  Action: Flexes neck
• Erector spinae


  Origin: Pelvic, vertebral, rib bones lower-to-mid back

  Insertion: Vertebral and rib bones higher in the back

  Action: extends vertebral column
• Quadratus Lumborum


  Origin: On the posterior ilia crest

  insertion: on the last rib and the transverse processes of the first through fourth lumbar vertebrae

  Action: extends vertebral column
• External intercostals


  Origin: inferior border of rib above

  Insertion: Superior border of rib below

  Action: elevates ribs
• Internal intercostals


  Origin: superior border of rib below

  Insertion: inferior border of rib above

  Action: Depress ribs
• Diaphragm 


  Origin: lumbar vertebrae of spine

  Insertion: Lesser trochanter of femur

  Action: expands thoracic cavity
• External abdominal oblique 


  origin: ribs 5-12

  insertion: iliac crest and pubic tubercle

  Action: flexes and rotates verterbral column
• internal abdominal oblique 


  origin: iliac crest, inguinal ligament

  Insertion: ribs 10-12

  Action: flexes and rotates vertebral column
• Rectus abdominis


  Origin: Pubic crest

  Insertion: Xiphoid process of sternum and costal cartilages of ribs

  Action: Flexes vertebral column and rotates pelvis
• Transversus abdominals 


  Origin: costal margin, iliac crest, thoracolumbar fascia

  Insertion: Xiphoid process, lines alba, pubic crest

  Action: Retracts abdominal wall and flexes vertebral column