Mitosis

• How many daughter cells does mitosis produce?

  Two.
• How many daughter cells does meiosis produce?

  Four.
• How many chromosomes do the daughter cells from mitosis have?

  The same number of chromosomes as the parent cell.
• How many chromosomes do the daughter cells from meiosis have?

  Half the number of chromosomes as the parent cell.
• What does the structure of a chromosome consist of?

  A centromere and chromatids.
• What is mitosis?


  A type of cell division that results in each daughter cell having the same number of chromosomes as the parent cell.
• What in a daughter cell is identical to that in a parent cell?

  The genetic material in the nuclei.
• What can cause the genetic material in a daughter cell to be different from that in a parent?

  Mutations.
• What is interphase?


  The phase of the cell cycle where DNA replication takes place and the cell grows and prepares for division.
• What are the four stages of mitosis in order?

  Prophase, metaphase, Anaphase, and Telophase and cytokinesis.
• What happens in prophase?

  Chromosomes condense and become visible, the centrioles move to the poles, the nuclear membrane breaks down and dissapears, and the spindle fibers develop from the centrioles.
• What happens in metaphase?

  The chromosomes are seen as chromatids and are pulled along the spindle apparatus and arrange themselves across the equator of the cell.
• What are chromatids joined by?

  The centromere.
• What happens in anaphase?

  The centromere divides and the spindle fibres pull the individual chromatids apart to opposite poles of the cell, and we now refer to them as chromosomes.
• What is needed for anaphase?

  Energy provided by mitochondria.
• What happens in telophase?


  The chromosomes become longer and thinner and they disappear, the spindle fibres disintegrate, and the nuclear envelope and nucleolus reform.
• What happens in cytokinesis?

  The cytoplasm divides in the final stage of mitosis.