excretion

• excretion is the process of removing metabolic waste from an organism
• excretory products include:

  1. urea
  2. salt
  3. water
  4. co2
• excretory organs:

  1. liver: breaks down excess amino acids and produces urea
  2. lungs: they get rid of co2 as well as a great deal of water vapor
  3. kidney: removes urea & nitrogenous waste from blood
  4. skin: sweat consists of water with sodium chloride & traces of urea dissolved in it when you sweat, you will expel these substances
• kidneys are attached to the back of the abdominal cavity
• 1. They attached to the back of the abdominal cavity.
  2. The renal artery branches off from the aorta and brings oxygenated blood (Carry nitrogenous waste) to them.
  3. The renal vein takes deoxygenated blood away from the kidneys to the vena cava.
  4. A tube, called the ureter, runs from each kidney to the bladder in the lower part of the abdomen
• The renal system:

  1. the blood enters the kidney thru renal artery & leaves kidney thru renal vein
  2. cortex is outer region of the kidney, the cortex contains nephrons
  3. nephrons are the functional units of the kidney, they contain glomerulus which is where the blood is filtered & glucose, urea, water, & salts are removed
  4. A nephron is a single glomerulus with its renal capsule, renal tubule and blood capillaries
  5. Tubule all glucose, most water, & some salt are reabsorbed into the blood in the tubule this prevents the loss of too much water, urea is not reabsorbed
• medulla is the inner region of the kidney
• pelvic is the space where the ureter joins the kidney
• ureter is the tube that carries the urine from the kidney to the bladder where it's stored befor being excreted
• Deamination is the removal of amino group from a molecule. In the liver, amino acids are deaminated to form ammonia, which is then converted to urea