hormones

• what are hormones?


  Chemical messengers
• where are hormones made?

  Endocrine glands
• where do hormones get secreted into?

  the blood
• how does blood transport the hormones?

  In the plasma around the body
• where do hormones cause a response?

  In specific cells that are found in target organs
• what do hormones regulate the function of?

  Many cells and organs, oestrogen and testosterone are responsible for the changes that take place in puberty
• what hormone works quickly?

  Adrenaline, it is released in response to danger and the body is affected in a few seconds
• what body processes do hormones control?

  Processes that need constant adjustment, such as body temperature
• define homeostasis?


  The maintenance of a constant internal environment despite external changes
• what hormones do the hypothalamus and pituitary gland release?

  Hormones that regulate the production of other hormones
• what does the thyroid gland produce?

  thyroxine
• what do adrenal glands produce and where are they?

  Adrenaline, located just on top of the kidneys
• what does the pancreas produce and where is it located?

  Produces insulin, located in front of the kidneys
• what do ovaries produce?

  Oestrogen and progesterone
• what do testes produce?

  Testosterone
• what is one difference between nerve impulses and hormones?

  Nerve impulses travel to specific parts of the body, whereas hormones travel all over the body in the bloodstream but only the target organ then responds
• what happens after hormones diffuse out of the blood?

  They bind to specific receptors for that hormone that are found on the membranes or in the cytoplasm of cells in the target organs which are known as target cells, once bound to their receptors the hormones stimulate the target cells to produce a response
• what is the endocrine system?


  The name given to all the endocrine glands and the hormones that they produce
• what does the endocrine system control?

  It controls and coordinates body processes with the nervous system
• what is a similarity between the nervous system and the endocrine system?

  They both send messages around the body to provide information about any changes in your internal or external environment and then send information as to how the body should respond
• which is faster, nerves or hormones?

  Nerves
• what method of transport do nerves use?

  Electrical impulses along the axon of a neurone
• which method of transport do hormones use?

  The blood
• how long does the effect of nerves last?

  Not a long time
• how long does the effect of hormones last?

  A longer time
• What area do nerves target?

  A precise area
• what area do hormones target?

  A large area