Specialisation in Animal cells

• What are the 4 types of specialised animal cells?

  Red Blood Cell, Sperm Cell, Nerve Cell and a Muscle Cell
• How are RBC adapted to their function?

  BICONCAVE shape to allow more absorption of O2, THIN cell membrane to allow O2 to diffuse easily and NO nucleus to store more O2
• How are sperm cells specialised to their functions?

  HEAD contains DNA, NUCLEUS, and ENZYME penetrate egg membrane, MIDDLE section packed with mitochondria for energy and has FLAGELLUM to move around/swim
• How is a nerve cell adapted to it's function?

  DENDRITES to make connections to other neurones, LONG AXON to carry impulses to an organ and END PLATE forms synapse with effector
• 3 types of muscle cells:

  • Heart Muscle cells
  • Smooth Muscle cells
  • Skeletal muscle cells
• How are muscle cells adapted to their function?:

  • Contains a lot of of mitochondria for contraction
  • Can store glycogen for cellular respiration
  • Filaments of protein to slide over each other during contraction
• How are sperm cells specialised to their functions?:

  • Head contains DNA, nucleus , and enzymes to penetrate egg membrane
  • Middle section packed with mitochondria for energy
  • Flagellum to move around/swim
• How is a nerve cell adapted to it's function?:

  • Dendrites to make connections to other neurones
  • Long axon to carry impulses to an organ
  • End plates forms synapse with effector
• Specialised cell= Cells that have a specific function and are adapted to carry out that function.
• Sperm Cell:

  A) Acrosome

  B) Head

  C) Cell Membrane

  D) Mitochondria

  E) Nucleus

  F) Middle Section

  G) Cytoplasm

  H) Flagellum

  
• Nerve Cell:

  A) Cell body

  B) Ribosome

  C) Cell Membrane

  D) Dendrites

  E) Nucleus

  F) Cytoplasm

  G) Axon

  H) Nerve Ending

  
• Muscle Cell:

  A) Heart Muscle

  B) Smooth Muscle

  C) Skeletal Muscle

  
• Adaptations of RBC

  • Biconcave shape
  • Lots of haemoglobin
  • No nucleus
  • Thin cell membrane