Robbery

• s.8 Theft Act 1968 - 'Where D steals, and immediately before or at the time of doing so, he uses force on any person or seeks to put any person in fear of being subjected to force'
• AR: Steals (completed theft)

  • Theft must be completed
  • No requirement that D succeeds in 'getting away' - Corcoran v Anderton
• AR: Force or threat of force

  • D must threaten to use force, this can be small and does not need to be applied directly to the victim - P v DPP
  • The threat of force does not need to be real - Bentham
• AR: Immediately before or at the time of the theft

  • If the force happens after the theft it will not be considered a robbery - the courts may make the act of theft into a 'continuing act' so that the force occurs at the same time (Hale)
• AR: In order to do so

  • Threat of force must be used in order to steal
• AR: On any person

  • In most cases the one who the force is used against is the person the theft is committed against
  • The person who the force is used does not always have to be the same person who is stolen from
• MR: Mens rea of theft (dishonesty and ITPD) plus intention or recklessness as to the application/threat of force

  • Robinson