GAM cognitive explanation

• Expectancy theory

  • if gamblers expect rewards to outweigh costs addiction is more likely
  • unconscious process, illogical manner

  Cognitive theory

  • irrational belief and distorted thinking contribute to development and maintenance
  • referred to as cognitive bias
• Cognitive bias

  • Irrational beliefs unhelpful in social reality

  1 gamblers fallacy - events must even out

  2 illusion of control - exaggerated self confidence, ‘beat the system’

  3 near miss bias - unsuccessful outcome is close to a win, not constantly losing but constantly nearly winning

  4 recall bias - tendency to remember and overestimate wins and underestimate loses

  5 ritual bias - feeling lucky or engage in superstitions

  Self - efficiency

  • replace occurs due to lac of self efficiency
  • resumes as they don't feel capable of giving up
• AO3

  • PA - led to treatment in cognitive therapy to alter biases
  • difficulty establishing cause and effect as impossible to know if Cognitve bias is due to addiction or other way