Appendicular Skeleton

• Pectoral Girdle

  • Consists of two scapulas at the back and two clavicles in the front.
  • Scapula has a ridge for the attachment of muscles
  • Isn’t attached to the axial skeleton but slides behind the rib cage.
  • Scapula has a socket for the humerus, forming a ball and socket joint.
  • Clavicle articulates with scapula and the sternum.
• Upper Limb

  • Humerus is a long bone from the pectoral girdle to the elbow joint. It articulates with the radius and ulna, forming a hinge joint.
  • Ulna is the largest in the forearm and is on the pinky side.
  • Radius is thinner and is on the thumb side.
  • Carpals are 8 small bones in 2 rows of 4.
  • Metacarpals are 5 bones that form the palm
  • Phalanges form the fingers and consist of 14 bones. (3 in each finger and 2 at the thumb)
• Pelvic Girdle

  • Consists of 2 hip bones
  • Hip bones are made of 3 fusee bones: illium, ischium & pubis.
  • A deep socket for the femur, forming a ball and socket joint.
• Lower Limb

  • Femur is the largest and stronger bone.
  • Patella is flat and forms the knee joint(hinge)
  • Tibia is larger in the lower leg
  • Fibula is thinner and is on the outside.
  • Tarsals form the ankle and the largest one is the heel bone.
  • Calf is attached to the heel
  • Metatarsals form the arch of the foot.
  • Phalanges form toes and have 14 bones( 3 for each toe, 2 in big toe)