STAGES

• Piaget's Stages of Cognitive Development

  1. Sensorimotor: Birth to 2 years old: Children know the world primarily through senses and motor movements.
  2. Preoperational: 2 to 7 years old: There is a development of language and emergence of symbolic play.
  3. Concrete Operational: 7 to 11 years old: Logical thought emerges. But they still struggle with abstract and theoretical thinking.
  4. Formal Operational: 12 years old to Adulthood: Children become more adept at abstract thought and deductive reasoning.
• Kohlberg's Moral Development

  
  

  Level 2: Conventional Morality

  
  

  Stage 3 - Developing Good Interpersonal Relationships - "Good boy or good girl orientation. Moral development is focused on living up to social expectations and roles.

  Stage 4 - Maintaining Social Order - People consider society as a whole when making judgements. The focus is on maintaining law and order by obeying rules, duties, and respecting authority.
• Gilligan's Stages of Women's Moral Development

  Level 1: Preconventional Morality: Survival and interest.

  Level 2: Conventional Morality: Selflessness.

  Level 3: Post Conventional Morality: Responsibility.
• Subject-Object Theory - There is a specific developmental stage through which individual pass that reflect their meaning-making system.
• Kegan's Constructivist Developmental Model

  1. Incorporative: Infancy: Reflexive and no sense of self.
  2. Impulsive: 2-6 yrs: Limited control over actions.
  3. Imperial: 6-Adolescense: The child has desire.
  4. Interpersonal: Late Adolescense: Relationships
  5. Institutional: Adulthood: Values and interest
  6. Interindividual: Middle-Late Adulthood: Share and learn from others.
• Perry's Scheme

  1. Dualism: Every problem is solvable.
  2. Multiplicity: Two of problem.
  3. Relativism: Every problem has a reason.
  4. Commitment: There is always uncertainty.
• Erik's Stages of Psychosocial Development

  1. Trust vs. Mistrust: Birth-1 yr: Hope: Uncertain about the world.
  2. Autonomy vs. Shame and Doubt: 1-2 yr: Will: Personal control, Independence.
  3. Initiative vs. Guilt: 3-5 yr: Purpose: Directing play and other social interaction.
  4. Industry vs. Inferiority: 6-11 yr: Competence: Read and write. Do things on their own.
• Erik's Stages of Psychosocial Development

  5. Identity vs. Role-Confusion: Adolescence: Fidelity: Sense of self.

  6. Intimacy vs. Isolation: Early Adulthood: Love: Intimate Relationship.

  7. Generativity vs. Stagnation: Mid Adulthood: Caring: Outlast them.

  8. Ego Integrity vs. Despair: Late Adulthood: Wisdom: Contemplate
• Fowler's Stages of Faith Development

  Stage 0: Primal Faith: Infancy: Predisposition towards a trusting relationship.

  Stage 1: Intuitive-Protective Faith: 4 yrs: Symbolic mystery.

  Stage 2: Mythic-Literal Faith: Literal

  Stage 3: Synthetic Conventional Faith: 6 and 8 yrs: Reflect on meaning making system.

  Stage 4: Individual-Reflective Faith: 18 - 19 yrs: Responsibility

  Stage 5: Conjunctive Faith: 30 - 32 yrs: Honor

  Stage 6: Universalizing Faith: 38 - 40 yrs: Acceptance of others.