(Lesson-10)

• Identify the follow parts

  
• Types of skeleton

  • hydrostatic skeleton
  • exoskeleton
  • endoskeleton
• Hydrostatic skeleton - found in soft bodied invertebrates, a fluid-filled cavity in encircled by the muscle fiber of an organism
• Exoskeleton - surround the body as a rigid case in most animal
• Endoskeleton - rigid internal skeleton, which muscle are attached found un vertebrates and echinoderms, have flexible exterior that accumulates the movement of their skeleton.
• Two parts of the endoskeleton of a mammal

  • Axial Skeleton
  • Appendicular Skeleton
• Axial Skeleton - bones forms the axis of the body and support the organ of the head, neck and chest
• Appendicular Skeleton - bones includes the limbs, pectorals and pelvic girdle
• Synergist - muscle that cause same action at the joint, all act to extend the knee joint
• Antagonist - muscle that produce opposing action, muscle that flex a joint to muscle that extend a joint
• Isotonic Contraction - the muscle and all its fiber shorten in length during contraction
• Isometric Contraction- the muscle begin to conduct but the tension is absorbed by the tendons and other elastic tissue associated
• What are the three types of joints

  • Immovable joints
  • Slightly movable joints
  • Freely movable joints
• Immovable Joints - include the sature that joint the bones of the skull
• Slightly Movable Joints - includes those bones which are bridge with cartilage
• Freely Movable Joints - also called synovial joints = articulating ends of the bones are located within a sunovial capsule filled with a lubricated fluid
• Tendon - a dense connective tissue strap where muscle are attached to the bone
• Origin - are attachment of the muscle, remains stationary during contraction
• Insertion - the other end os the muscle which attached to another side os the bone moves when muscle contraction occurs