simple+fractional distillation

• simple distillation is used for seperating out a liquid from a solution
• fractional dsitillation can be used to separate mixtures of liquids with similar boiling points
• Why can't simple distillation be used to separate substances with similar boiling points?


  if the boiling points of the compounds are too close together they will all evaporate and mix together again
• fractional distillation seperates mixtures of liquids
• Simple distillation:


  1. Solution is heated

  2. Part of the solution with the lowest boiling point evaporates first

  3. Vapour is cooled and condenses

  4. Rest of the solution is left behind
• You can use simple distillation to get pure water from seawater
• If the temperature goes higher than the boiling point of the substance with the higher boiling point, they will mix again
• Condenser- The vapour turns back into a liquid in the condenser as it is cooled by the water