Lesson 2

• prejudice - the negative feeling or attitude towards a person or a group even if it lacks basis
• The word prejudice comes from Latin roots prae (in advance) and judicum (judgment) which means judge before
• Stereotype - refers to the negative opinion about a person or a group based on incomplete knowledge
• discrimination - refers to the negative actions toward members of a specific social group that may be manifested in avoidance, aversion, or even violence
• Prejudice includes 3 components of attitude:

  • cognitive
  • affective
  • behavioral
• Types of prejudice:

  • racism
  • sexism
  • heterosexism
  • classism
  • looksism
  • ageism
  • linguicism
  • religious intolerance
• racism - the belief that one's own cultural or racial heritage is innately superior to that of others, hence, the lack of respect or appreciation for those who belong to a "different race"
• sexism - a system of attitudes, actions, and actions that subordinates others on the basis of their sex where the usual victims are women.
• heterosexism - negative attitudes towards lesbian and gay men
• classism - distancing from and perceiving the poor as "the other"
• looksism - prejudice against those who do not measure up to set standards of beauty
• ageism - negative attitudes held against the young or the elderly
• linguicism - negative attitudes which members of dominant language groups hold against non-dominant language group.
• religious intolerance - prejudice against those who are followers of religions other that one's own
• 2 categories of stereotype:

  • individual stereotypes
  • group stereotypes
• individual stereotype - are attitudes toward individual people. Examples are attributions based on people's name, physical appearance
• group stereotypes - attitudes based on whether the person is a member of an in/out group
• Attitudes are said to have 3 components:

  • cognitive component
  • affective component
  • behavioral component
• cognitive component - comprises a set of beliefs about the group or individual
• affective component - is a feelings towards the group or individual
• behavioral component - set of behaviors or actions directed towards the group or individual based on the other two components.
• A stereotype is an example of implicit personality theory. Such theory attribute internal properties to a person, such as character traits, on the basis of external properties.
• prejudiced may be challenged by teaching tolerance
• tolerance - is the respect, acceptance, and appreciation of the rich diversity of cultures and various forms of human expression (UNESCO)
• UNESCO asserts that education is the most effective means of preventing intolerance.
• Article 1.2 of the Declaration of Race and Racial Prejudice stipulates that all individuals and groups have the right to be different
• Stereotype - is an attitude towards a person or group on the basis of some physical characteristic or physical fact.