PLANT CELL SPECIALISATION

• Root hair cells


  Root hair cells have hair that increase surface area of the root, so it can absorb more water and dissolved minerals more effectively

  Root hair cells dont have chloroplasts as they are underground
• Xylem cells


  Xylem cells are found in the plant stem, they form long tubes

  These tubes carry water and dissolved minerals from the roots to the leaves

  Xylem cells have very thick walls containing lignin, this provides support to the plant

  Xylem cells have no internal structure making it easier for water and minerals to flow
• Phloem cells

  Phloem tubes carry dissolved sugars up and down the plant

  Phloem vessel cells have no nucleus and limited cytoplasm

  End walls of vessel cells have pores called sieve plates

  These feature allow dissolved sugars to move through cell interior

  Mitochondria in companion cell provide energy to phloem vessel cell