Animals: CRISPR-edited pigs resistant to tuberculosis.
Ethical Issues: Natural Integrity
The use of CRISPR on animals for research and agricultural purposes raises concerns about animal welfare, including potential suffering and long-term health effects
Ethical Issues: Germline Editing
Changes to germline cells (sperm, eggs, embryos) can be passed onto generations, raising concerns about unforeseen consequences and ethics of permanent changes to the human gene pool.
Ethical Issues: Religious Critiques
Pope John Paul issued that such genetic modifications "cannot be evaluated solely on the basis of immediate economic interests."
Social Issues: Equity and Access
Wealthier nations and individuals are more likely to access and benefit from these advancements, potentially widening global inequalities
Social Issues:
safety concerns regarding off-target effects and unintended genetic consequences, which could have long-term health impacts and mutations → leading to a new disease.
Social Issues: Economic Impact
CRISPR could revolutionise industries like pharmaceuticals and biofuels, leading to economic shifts and job displacement
