Past paper corrections

• why would larger profits be good for a business

  they can reinvest profit and improve their product
• why would the economic shift be good for the government

  moves heavy industry away from the area - reduces pollutants involved in manufacturing which can have negative impact on health - NHS is less crowded - government can allocate resources elsewhere
• why might the cost of production be lower in developing countries

  wage is lower:
• what is the wage that Yahoo offers to call centre in Bangalore

  $10/day
• how much CO2 does global food miles emit

  3 gigatonnes
• how much would the clean up in Redcar cost after steel production ceased

  millions
• local actions to reduce the negative impact on the environment may not work because

  they are small scale and this issue is global with transboundary impacts
• transition towns attempt to make the community less


  reliant on global trade and have a more sustainable means of production
• what is the approach transition towns take

  bottom up
• which chain attempted to open in Totness

  Costa - but the community fought them off
• what does Totnes have that is unique to them

  the totnes pound
• what does a local currency aim to do

  prevent money leaking from the economy
• what happened to the Totnes pound

  it was abandoned in 2019 due to the move to a cashless society
• what the is the scheme that promotes local food produce

  incredible edibles

  • community grown food that can be used by anyone
• development aid can take many forms

  charitable gifts and loans that have to pay back
• NGOs give what type of aid

  bi-lateral
• IGOs give what type of aid

  multi-lateral
• development aid focusses on improvement of rights through

  targeted projects
• what rights has development aid targeted

  malaria, gender equality, eradication of poverty, primary education
• why would development aid lead to a regression in rights in some countries

  • corruption
  • use for economic development
  • not enough to overcome the cost of military intervention e.g. Iraq or Syria
• who are the minority group in Nigeria that have been negatively impacted by economic development

  Ogoni people
• what is the life expectancy for the Ogoni people

  41-46
• Niger Delta people health

  in the past 70 years since shell began economic development

  • 40 million have been poisoned due to pollution
  • cancer
• economic development has a disregard for 


  land, human rights and culture
• economic development aids in the creation of a x state

  welfare
• economic development can lead to land

  grabs - making minority groups homeless or subject to reserves

  • North America
  • Ethiopia
• % of EK that is 65+

  23%
• GII factors

  • labour participation
  • representation in government
  • maternal health
• increase education levels for women may lead to

  out migration
• countries with poor gender equality tend to have poor performing economies eg..,

  Kenya and Afghanistan
• rising demand for resources can cause internal tensions

  Tar sands in Canada

  environmental v economic priority
• what could alter the political power in the future is a future uncertainty for incumbent powers

  China involvement in Africa
• China response to its rising demand for resources

  development aid in Africa
• rising demand for resources can cause tension in areas where there are overlapping

  spheres of influence
• the procurement of physical resources may lead to 


  conflict and strained global relations

  • Russia in Ukraine
• how have emerging powers and superpowers sought out resource

  the use of TNCs as an instrument of extending control
• What is a politically sensitive way to search for resources

  TNCs

  • Nigeria
• political implications of expanding resource base?

  indirect challenges to military powers

  • SCS

  increasing interdependence of emerging power and other countries

  • China into Africa
• areas of deprivation in HICs

  pockets of deprivation
• how many HIPC are there

  39